Waukesha County, WI Environmental Rules: Flood Zones (2026)
FEMA flood zone rules in Waukesha County, WI, also called floodplain regulations or special flood hazard area (SFHA) rules, determine flood insurance requirements and elevation standards for new construction.
Key Facts
- State Statute
- Wis. Stat. §87.30
- Admin Code
- Wis. Admin. Code ch. NR 116
- County Ordinance
- Floodland Protection Ordinance (EO-17838)
- Freeboard
- 2 feet above regional flood elevation
- Basements Below RFE
- Prohibited (NR 116.13)
- Mapped Rivers
- Fox, Bark, Pewaukee, Oconomowoc
Summary
Wisconsin Statute 87.30 requires every county and municipality with FEMA-mapped floodplain to adopt a floodplain zoning ordinance meeting Wis. Admin. Code ch. NR 116 and 44 CFR 59-72 (NFIP). Waukesha County administers the Floodland Protection Ordinance (EO-17838) for unincorporated areas, regulating the Fox River, Bark River, Pewaukee River, Oconomowoc River, and other mapped waterways. Wisconsin requires the lowest floor at least 2 feet above the regional flood elevation - stricter than the FEMA NFIP minimum.
87.30 87.30 Floodplain zoning. 87.30(1) (1) State powers. 87.30(1)(a) (a) If any county, city or village does not adopt a reasonable and effective floodplain zoning ordinance within one year after hydraulic and engineering data adequate to formulate the ordinance becomes available, the department shall, upon petition of an interested state agency or a municipality or upon its own motion as soon as practicable and after public hearing, determine and fix by order the limits of any or all floodplains within a county, city or village within which serious damage may occur. Thereafter the department shall as soon as practicable after public hearing adopt a floodplain zoning ordinance applicable to a county, city or village, except that no floodplain zoning ordinance may be enacted unless the hydraulic and engineering studies necessary to determine the floodway or floodplain limits, or both, if both limits are deemed necessary by the department, have been made at state or federal expense. 87.30(1)(b) (b) All final orders, determinations, or decisions made under this subsection shall be subject to review under ch. 227 and be effective 20 days after the same have been served unless such order, determination, and decision specifies a different date upon which the same shall be effective. Such floodplain determination and zoning ordinance shall be of the same effect as if adopted by the county, city, or village. Thereafter it is the duty of the county, city, village, and town officials to administer and enforce the ordinance in the same manner as if the county, city, or village had adopted it. Except as provided in par. (e) , floodplain determinations and zoning ordinances so adopted may be modified by the county, city, or village concerned only with the written consent of the department. Except as provided in par. (e) , nothing in this subsection may be construed to prohibit a county, city, village, or town from adopting a floodplain ordinance more restrictive than that adopted by the state. 87.30(2) (2) Enforcement and penalties. 87.30(2)(a) (a) Except as provided in par. (b) , every structure, building, fill, or development placed or maintained within any floodplain in violation of a zoning ordinance adopted under this section, or s. 59.69 , 61.35 or 62.23 is a public nuisance and the creation thereof may be enjoined and maintenance thereof may be abated by action at suit of any municipality, the state or any citizen thereof. Any person who places or maintains any structure, building, fill or development within any floodplain in violation of a zoning ordinance adopted under this section, or s. 59.69 , 61.35 or 62.23 may be fined not more than $50 for each offense. Each day during which such violation exists is a separate offense.
Full Breakdown
Wis. 30(1) requires each county, city, village, and town with land in a 100-year floodplain to adopt a reasonable and effective floodplain zoning ordinance, and Wis. Admin. Code ch. NR 116 (Wisconsin's Floodplain Management Program) sets the minimum standards. 03(28), Wisconsin defines the 'flood protection elevation' as 2 feet above the regional flood elevation, building a 2-foot freeboard into state law that exceeds the FEMA NFIP baseline. Waukesha County's Floodland Protection Ordinance (Enrolled Ordinance EO-17838) is authorized under Wis. 30 and incorporates Wis. Admin. Code ch.
NR 116 and 44 CFR 59-72. 13 prohibits new structures in the floodway and limits flood-fringe construction: residential structures must have the lowest floor (including basement) at or above the flood protection elevation, and accessory structures may not be inundated more than 2 feet or subjected to flood velocities greater than 2 feet per second during the regional flood. 21(4)(b) prohibits variances that allow a lower degree of flood protection than the flood protection elevation, and basements below the regional flood elevation are not permitted (except for narrow pre-March 1, 1986 FEMA exceptions).
Mapped flood hazards in Waukesha County include the Fox River corridor (which crosses the cities of Waukesha and Brookfield and flows through Waukesha, New Berlin, and Mukwonago), the Bark, Pewaukee, and Oconomowoc Rivers, and numerous lakes. Effective FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) for Waukesha County are available through the FEMA Map Service Center, and the Wisconsin DNR coordinates ordinance approval and FEMA review.
Violations & Fines
Construction or fill in a regulated floodplain without a zoning permit and any required Wisconsin DNR-approved variance violates the Waukesha County Floodland Protection Ordinance, Wis. Stat. §87.30, Wis. Admin. Code ch. NR 116, and 44 CFR 60. Penalties include daily forfeitures, restoration orders, and potential community NFIP suspension that disqualifies the area from federally-backed flood insurance.
Frequently Asked Questions
How high must my home sit above the Fox River flood elevation?
Can I finish a basement in a Waukesha County floodplain?
Sources & Official References
Other rules in Waukesha County
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