In Humboldt County's State Responsibility Area and Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones, California Public Resources Code section 4291 requires maintenance of 100 feet of defensible space around structures, including removing tree portions within 10 feet of a chimney/stovepipe outlet and keeping trees free of dead or dying wood. Coast Redwood and other large tree removals in the unincorporated coastal zone are also separately regulated under Humboldt County Code section 313-64 (Tree Protection).
PRC section 4291 applies to any person who owns, leases, controls, operates, or maintains a building or structure in, upon, or adjoining any mountainous area, forest-covered land, brush-covered land, grass-covered land, or land that is covered with flammable material within a State Responsibility Area (SRA) or a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ). Cal Fire designates much of Humboldt County's unincorporated land as SRA. The 100-foot perimeter has two intensity zones: ember-resistant Zone 0 (0-5 feet) and lean/clean/green Zone 1 (5-30 feet), with reduced-fuel Zone 2 extending to 100 feet (Gov. Code section 51182 echoes the same 100-foot requirement in VHFHSZ within Local Responsibility Areas). Trees overhanging the roof must be trimmed back, and limbs within 10 feet of a chimney outlet must be removed. Separately, Humboldt County Code section 313-64 (Coastal Zoning Regulations) protects major vegetation in the County Coastal Zone, listing purposes that include preventing soil erosion, landslide and flood hazard, reducing runoff, providing windbreaks, and protecting adjacent trees from irreparable wind damage. Civil Code sections 833-834 govern ownership: a tree belongs exclusively to the owner of the parcel on which its trunk stands, and trees straddling a boundary are jointly owned.
Failure to maintain defensible space under PRC 4291 is enforced by Cal Fire and can result in citations, civil fines, and liability for fire-suppression costs. Removing a protected coastal-zone tree without a coastal development permit can result in code-enforcement action under Humboldt County Code section 351 et seq., with notice and cost-recovery procedures.
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