Rent control rules in Washington, DC — also known as rent stabilization or rent cap ordinances — limit annual rent increases and protect tenants from displacement.
DC has one of the strongest rent control programs in the United States under the Rental Housing Act of 1985 (DC Code Section 42-3501.01 et seq.). Rent increases for covered units are capped at CPI + 2% annually (or CPI + 5% for units where the tenant is not elderly or disabled). The 2024 RENTAL Act modified some provisions.
The Rental Housing Act covers most rental units in buildings built before 1976 or units registered with the Rent Administrator. Annual rent increases are limited to the Consumer Price Index (CPI) plus 2% for most tenants, with a cap of CPI + 5% for non-elderly, non-disabled tenants. Elderly (62+) and disabled tenants receive CPI-only increases. Landlords may petition for hardship increases, capital improvement surcharges, or substantial rehabilitation adjustments through the Rental Housing Commission. Voluntary agreements between landlords and 70%+ of tenants can authorize larger increases. The RENTAL Act (passed 2025) introduced modifications including adjustments to the petition process and enforcement mechanisms. Exemptions include single-family homes and units in buildings with 4 or fewer units where the owner occupies one.
Illegal rent increases can be challenged through the Office of the Tenant Advocate and the Rental Housing Commission. Landlords charging above allowed amounts face refund orders, treble damages, and fines.
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See how Washington's rent control rules stack up against other locations.
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