NYC Local Law 1 of 2004 requires Queens landlords of pre-1960 multi-unit buildings to presume lead paint and remediate hazards in units housing a child under 6. Local Law 31 adds XRF testing for all pre-1960 units.
Under NYC Local Law 1 of 2004, landlords of buildings with three or more dwelling units built before 1960 (and between 1960 and 1978 if lead is known) must: annually inquire whether a child under 6 resides in each unit; inspect those units annually for peeling paint; remediate peeling paint using EPA RRP-certified workers; use safe work practices for renovations that disturb more than 2 square feet of paint; and perform XRF lead testing before a turnover. Common violations in Queens pre-1960 housing (much of Astoria, Jackson Heights, Ridgewood, Woodhaven) include failure to annually inquire, failure to remediate peeling paint, and failure to use certified workers. NYC HPD enforces through inspections and Class C hazardous violations, which the landlord must correct within 21 days. Local Law 31 of 2020 requires XRF lead testing of every painted surface in pre-1960 multifamily units by August 9, 2025. The federal Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act also requires disclosure of known lead hazards at sale or lease.
HPD Class C violation for lead hazard: 250 dollars per day until corrected. Civil penalties for turnover violations: 1,500 to 2,500 dollars per unit. Federal disclosure violations can reach triple damages plus attorney fees.
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