Security cameras are legal on private property in Sacramento County. Video-only recording in public-facing areas is permitted without consent. Audio recording triggers California's strict two-party consent law (Penal Code 632), requiring all parties' consent.
In Sacramento County and throughout California, installing video-only security cameras on your property to monitor public-facing areas is legal without requiring consent from those recorded. Cameras may capture driveways, front yards, sidewalks, and other areas visible from public spaces. However, cameras must not be directed at areas where individuals have a reasonable expectation of privacy, including neighbors' windows, fenced backyards, bathrooms, and bedrooms. California Penal Code 647(j) makes it a misdemeanor to use recording devices to view the interior of private spaces. Any audio recording capability on security cameras triggers California's two-party consent wiretapping law (Penal Code 632), meaning all parties to a recorded conversation must consent. This is one of the strictest recording consent laws in the country. Many security camera owners in California disable audio recording to avoid legal liability. Doorbell cameras (like Ring or Nest) are legal for video but the same audio consent rules apply.
Audio recording without all-party consent under Penal Code 632 is punishable by fines up to $2,500 and/or imprisonment up to one year for a first offense. Civil damages range from $5,000 to $50,000 per violation. Video voyeurism under Penal Code 647(j) is a misdemeanor with up to 6 months in jail and $1,000 fine.
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