Los Angeles, CA Privacy & Surveillance: Security Camera Rules (2026)
Key Facts
- Consent Type
- Two-party (all-party) for audio
- Video Only
- Generally lawful on own property
- Audio Penalty
- $2,500-$10,000 per violation
- Key Statute
- CA Penal Code §632
Summary
California is a two-party consent state for audio recording under Penal Code Section 632. Video-only surveillance cameras are generally lawful on your own property. Adding audio recording to security cameras triggers strict consent requirements. Cameras must not be aimed at areas where others have a reasonable expectation of privacy.
632. (a) A person who, intentionally and without the consent of all parties to a confidential communication, uses an electronic amplifying or recording device to eavesdrop upon or record the confidential communication, whether the communication is carried on among the parties in the presence of one another or by means of a telegraph, telephone, or other device, except a radio, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) per violation, or imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or in the state prison, or by both that fine and imprisonment.
Full Breakdown
California Penal Code Section 632 requires all-party consent for recording confidential communications (audio). This significantly impacts security cameras: Video-only recording in areas visible to the public (sidewalks, driveways, front yards) is generally lawful without consent. Adding audio recording to security cameras triggers PC 632, requiring consent from all recorded parties. Cameras must not record areas where individuals have a reasonable expectation of privacy (bathrooms, bedrooms, enclosed private areas). PC 647(j) prohibits using recording devices to invade someone's personal privacy. Signs stating premises are under video surveillance are strongly recommended and may serve as implied notice. Many LA residents use video-only camera systems to comply with the two-party audio consent law. Ring doorbells and similar devices must have audio recording disabled or conspicuous notice provided. Recording in common areas of multi-unit buildings may require notice to tenants.
Violations & Fines
Violating PC 632 (unauthorized audio recording) carries fines up to $2,500 for first offense and up to $10,000 for subsequent offenses, plus potential imprisonment. PC 647(j) voyeurism violations are misdemeanors with up to 6 months jail. Civil lawsuits may result in $5,000 per violation in statutory damages.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I install security cameras at my home in LA?
Do I need to post signs about my security cameras?
Sources & Official References
Other rules in Los Angeles
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