Seattle's overhauled Tree Protection Ordinance, SMC 25.11 (effective 2023), creates a tiered system. Tier 1 exceptional trees, Tier 2 heritage trees, and Tier 3 trees over 12-inch DBH need permits and replacement.
Council Bill 120207 overhauled SMC 25.11 in May 2023. The new code defines four tiers: Tier 1 exceptional trees by species, size, or rarity; Tier 2 designated Heritage Trees; Tier 3 significant trees 12 inches DBH and larger; Tier 4 trees 6-12 inches DBH on developed lots. Removal of any Tier 1-3 tree requires an SDCI permit and replacement or in-lieu Tree Fund payment. Tier 1 trees are essentially undisturbable outside hazard exception. Garry oak, Pacific madrone, and Pacific yew get automatic Tier 1 status at smaller sizes. Mature Western red cedar and Douglas-fir over 36 inches DBH are typically Tier 1. The 2023 update added a $2,833 per inch DBH replacement payment.
Unpermitted Tier 1-3 tree removal: $1,000 base fine plus $2,000 per inch DBH replacement. Tier 1 violation can exceed $50,000. SDCI may revoke development permits for tree-code violations.
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Seattle, WA
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Seattle, WA
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Seattle, WA
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See how Seattle's protected tree species rules stack up against other locations.
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