Most interior and exterior renovation work in NYC requires a building permit from DOB. Alteration Type 1 (ALT1) permits are for major changes affecting use, egress, or occupancy. Alteration Type 2 (ALT2) permits cover work with multiple types. Alteration Type 3 (ALT3) covers minor work like one trade. Minimum filing fee is $130.
NYC classifies renovation permits into three Alteration types: ALT1 covers major alterations that change the use, egress, or occupancy of a building, and requires the most extensive documentation including full plans and professional certification. ALT2 covers multiple types of work on a single application that do not change the building's use, egress, or occupancy. ALT3 covers minor alterations involving one type of work (plumbing, mechanical, or limited construction). Work exempt from permits includes: cosmetic work (painting, wallpapering, tiling), replacing kitchen cabinets, installing flooring, and minor plumbing fixtures in existing locations. Work requiring permits includes: removing or adding walls, electrical work, plumbing rerouting, window replacement, HVAC installation, and any work affecting structural elements. All permitted work requires a Licensed Master Plumber or Licensed Master Electrician for their respective trades. A Registered Architect or Professional Engineer is required for ALT1 and many ALT2 filings.
Performing work without required permits violates NYC Administrative Code Section 28-105.1, with penalties up to $25,000 per violation. Unpermitted work discovered during sale may require retroactive permitting or removal. DOB can issue stop-work orders and vacate orders.
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