Buffalo has one of the highest childhood lead poisoning rates in the US. The city operates a Proactive Lead Inspection Program under Chapter 242. Rental properties built before 1978 must be inspected and certified lead-safe. Erie County DOH enforces lead hazard rules.
Buffalo is designated a high-risk lead community under NY Public Health Law. In 2020 Buffalo amended Chapter 242 to require proactive lead inspections of all rental properties built before 1978 (approximately 85 percent of Buffalo housing). Inspections check for deteriorated paint, chewable surfaces, friction surfaces, and bare soil. Properties failing inspection must remediate using EPA RRP-certified contractors. Erie County Department of Health investigates childhood lead poisoning cases (blood lead level 5 ug/dL or higher) and can issue orders requiring remediation. Federal requirements also apply: EPA Lead Disclosure Rule (pre-1978 sales/rentals) and Lead Renovation Repair and Painting (RRP) Rule for disturbing paint. Tenants with lead-poisoned children can report to 311 or NY DHR for relocation assistance.
Failure to inspect/remediate: 500-1000 dollars per violation per day. Childhood lead poisoning cases trigger mandatory orders and potential civil liability. EPA RRP violations: federal fines up to 37,500 dollars per day.
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