Buffalo, NY

Buffalo defines 'day' as 7 a.m.–9 p.m. (until 11 p.m. on Fridays and Saturdays) and prohibits all unreasonable noise at any hour. Any noise that annoys or disturbs a reasonable person…

Construction work, including excavating, demolishing, and pneumatic hammering, is prohibited between 9 p.m. and 7 a.m. in residential zones when it annoys or disturbs a reasonable…

Buffalo prohibits keeping any animal or bird that causes noise annoying or disturbing a reasonable person of normal sensitivities. The ban applies at all hours; public zoos are exempt.

Amplified music or sound inside a building that is audible more than 100 feet from the property boundary is prohibited; outdoor use of sound-reproduction devices that annoys or…

Buffalo bans driving with an inadequate muffler or exhaust system under City Code § 293-4(K), tying the violation directly to Vehicle and Traffic Law § 375(31). The same chapter caps…

Buffalo's noise ordinance uses noise-rating numbers rather than a single A-weighted dB limit: noise must exceed the ambient level by 5 decibels or more in any octave band to be…

Lawn maintenance equipment, including leaf blowers, mowers, edgers, trimmers, and power hedge shears, may not be operated between 9 p.m. and 7 a.m. in residential zones when the noise…

All short-term rentals in Buffalo require a City-issued certificate and license; owner-occupied STRs are generally allowed as-of-right in most zones, while non-owner-occupied STRs…

Buffalo limits non-owner-occupied short-term rental room occupancy to a maximum of two adults and one child at a time, and caps the number of STR units per building at two.

Buffalo imposes a 3% occupancy tax on all short-term rental stays, effective September 1, 2025, with both STR operators and booking platforms required to collect and remit the tax…

A Buffalo short-term rental license can be pulled once a property racks up more than three noise violations within a single license year, under City Code § 380-17A(8). If the third…

All short-term rental properties in Buffalo must comply with the City Noise Ordinance (Chapter 293), and accumulating three or more noise violations within a year triggers mandatory…

Buffalo defines an owner-occupied short-term rental as one where the owner is a resident of the property; non-owner-occupied STRs require a special use permit and are subject to more…

Non-owner-occupied short-term rentals in Buffalo must maintain a two-night minimum stay; owner-occupied STRs have no stated minimum.

Personal fireworks are prohibited in Buffalo. Commercial fireworks at special events require permits and compliance with all Department of Permit and Inspection Services and Fire…

Every owner of an occupied dwelling unit in Buffalo must install and maintain smoke detectors; new multiple dwellings must have hardwired detectors in every unit protecting each…

Buffalo prohibits all open, unconfined fires on any public or private property without written permission from both the Bureau of Fire Prevention and the Chief Combustion Inspector…

Buffalo caps liquefied petroleum gas storage at 300 pounds before a license kicks in. Keep more than that, or install a container over 2,000 gallons' water capacity, and the Director…

Buffalo bans all open, unconfined fires on private premises without written permission from both the Bureau of Fire Prevention and the Chief Combustion Inspector. There is no provision…

New York's Environmental Conservation Law Section 9-1105 makes it unlawful to set any open fire burning brush, leaves, grass, or debris in a designated fire town without a written…

Buffalo limits dog ownership to 3 dogs per single- or double-family home or commercial property. In multi-unit dwellings with 3 or more units, the limit is 1 dog per household unit…

New York Department of Environmental Conservation classifies coyotes as game with a regulated season; Buffalo prohibits firearm discharge citywide, so urban coyote conflicts are…

Federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act and New York Environmental Conservation Law Section 11-0535 protect nearly all wild birds in Buffalo; nest disturbance during breeding season can…

Dogs and cats must be on a leash held by the person in control at all times in city parks and park approaches. Off-leash is permitted only in designated dog parks.

Buffalo legally authorizes Trap, Neuter, Vaccinate, and Return (TNVR) programs for feral and community cats. Citizens are encouraged to participate voluntarily. Ear-tipped cats…

Any dog four months or older that is impounded or seized in Buffalo must be spayed or neutered before it can be returned to its owner or made available for adoption. The owner is…

Buffalo allows up to five domesticated chicken hens in residential districts with an annual City Clerk license ($25 per hen, max $125/year); no roosters, no commercial use, and written…

Pigeon feeding in Buffalo is restricted: prohibited on public streets where traffic conditions do not permit it; allowed in open spaces only from a receptacle at least 48 inches off…

Pet shops selling dogs, cats, birds, or other animals in Buffalo must obtain a license from the Commissioner of Permit and Inspection Services. Annual renewal requires certification…

Agriculture and Markets Law Article 15 establishes a uniform statewide apiary inspection program with mandatory disease control standards applicable to all hives in New York.

Agriculture and Markets Law section 107(5) preempts municipalities from enacting breed-specific dog regulations, ensuring uniform treatment regardless of breed across New York.

Environmental Conservation Law section 11-0512 universally prohibits possessing wild animals such as big cats, bears, wolves, and venomous reptiles as pets across New York.

Buffalo supports EV charging infrastructure with public stations downtown and at municipal lots. NY State supports Charge NY initiative. Private home chargers need standard electrical…

Buffalo's Parking Violations Bureau enforces a detailed schedule of parking fines ranging from $50 to $125, with additional late penalties after 30 days. Vehicles may be towed during…

Buffalo Code § 307-48 bars parking any vehicle on the unpaved part of a residential lot's front yard, between the lot line and the building line, or on any unpaved portion of a side…

Buffalo runs one preferential parking district: the Fruit Belt Residential Pilot Parking Area around Buffalo General Medical Park. City Code §§ 307-84 and 307-85 reserve half of each…

Buffalo runs its own impound lot and fixes both what the City charges and what a licensed tow company may charge. Chapter 175 sets the City tow at $150 for a two-axle vehicle…

From November 15 through April 1, Buffalo bans parking on every street served by NFTA-Metro passenger buses between 1:30 a.m. and 7:00 a.m. so overnight snow plows can clear the roads…

Buffalo has no "dibs" ordinance blessing lawn chairs or cones in a shoveled spot. City Code § 413-8 bars placing any obstruction to the free use of a street or public place, so…

Vehicles with three or more outstanding parking summonses within 18 months may be towed or immobilized (booted) in Buffalo. Abandoned vehicles are handled under state law.

Under Buffalo's excavation safety ordinance, swimming pools are classified as 'excavations' and must be enclosed by a fence sufficient to prevent children's access, with posted warning…

Erie County issues permits only for public and semi-public swimming pools under NY State Sanitary Code Subpart 6-1. Private backyard pools are not county-permitted; those get a…

When a tree on private property in Buffalo turns diseased, dead or otherwise hazardous, City Code § 309-32 lets the Commissioner of Parks order the owner to trim or remove it. Owners…

Buffalo requires every property owner to cut down overgrown weeds, grass, brush and other vegetation each year between May 1 and June 1, and keep it cut after that. Miss it and the…

Buffalo protects every tree in its streets, parks, and the strip between sidewalk and curb. No one may cut, remove, transplant, or prune a public tree without authorization from the…

Buffalo lets homeowners build a single detached storage shed up to 144 square feet without any building permit, but bigger sheds trigger a fee-based permit. The Department of Permit…

Automobiles and trailers (including tiny homes on wheels) may not be occupied as a residence or business in Buffalo for more than 48 hours without a city permit. A permit will not be…

New York's Town Law § 300 makes adjoining landowners split the cost of a division fence along their shared boundary, but only when the land is actually used to keep animals…

New York lets you sell home-baked and other shelf-stable foods without a food processing license through the Department of Agriculture and Markets Home Processing exemption, which…

New York Social Services Law preempts municipalities from imposing additional licensing on family or group family day care homes and requires the Office of Children and Family Services…

Buffalo lets neighbors close a street for a block party through a permit tied to the Department of Public Works, and City Code § 413-36 waives the usual insurance and bond requirement…

A Buffalo street fair or festival needs sign-off from the Special Events Advisory Committee under City Code Chapter 414, which defines a 'special event' to expressly include street…

A Buffalo restaurant that wants to seat customers on the sidewalk needs a sidewalk cafe permit approved by the Common Council under City Code § 413-59, backed by a scaled site plan and…

Parade, motorcade, and road race sponsors in Buffalo must apply to the Police Department Traffic Bureau for traffic coordination or escort services. Street closings require all…

Special events in Buffalo City parks must receive SEAC approval, carry $1,000,000 liability insurance with the City as additional insured, and operate only between 9 a.m.–10 p.m. on…

Anyone placing a private structure, like a planter, ramp, awning or sign, in Buffalo's public right-of-way needs an encroachment permit, and City Code § 413-67 keeps it at least 18…

Buffalo puts sidewalk upkeep on the abutting property owner or occupant, not the city. Code section 413-48 requires keeping the walk in good order and repair and clear of dirt and…

Buffalo makes it unlawful to willfully block any public street, crosswalk, or sidewalk, or the entrance to a church, theater, hotel, public hall, or railroad depot, under City Code §…

No person with a communicable infectious disease may work as a food handler in Buffalo, and food dealers must require each employee to file a medical certificate from the Commissioner…

All grounds, buildings, and structures in Buffalo must be maintained free of insects, vermin, and rodent harborage; occupied rental units up to the third story must have No. 15 mesh or…

Loose disposal of syringes, lancets, and needles is prohibited in Buffalo; the City will not collect them. Used sharps must be placed in a sealed, clearly marked container and…

Secondhand dealers in Buffalo must obtain a license, file a daily report with police on all articles received the prior business day, and hold jewelry, furs, watches, clothing, and…

Tow truck operators and owners in Buffalo must obtain a city license from the Department of Permit and Inspection Services, renewed biennially. Authorized City towers who tow for the…

Buffalo requires a separate city license for every tobacco, hookah, and vaping retailer at $200 per year. Applicants must provide proof of NYS taxation registration as a tobacco/vape…

Pawnbrokers in Buffalo must obtain a license, post a $5,000 surety bond, operate only 7 a.m.–7 p.m. on weekdays (no Sundays), and comply with detailed interest-rate caps…

Owners and occupants must immediately repair leaks in service pipes beyond the main. If not fixed within 24 hours of notice, the Director of Water will shut off service and charge the…

Buffalo requires residents to prepare recyclable material for curbline pickup exactly as the Commissioner's regulations specify, and bars anyone unauthorized from scavenging bins once…

Buffalo bars anyone from setting a dumpster or roll-off container on a street, roadway or public place without a permit from the Commissioner of Public Works. The $12 permit under…

Buffalo's Sanitation Department collects garbage and recycling once weekly on days the Commissioner designates for each street, using City-issued totes. Set totes out no earlier than…

Buffalo sets no citywide organics mandate for households: residential food-scrap recycling is voluntary through free drop-off sites and a curbside pilot. But New York State law compels…

It is illegal to dump, deposit, or litter any waste on Buffalo streets, sidewalks, public parks, or private property without the owner's consent. Conviction carries a $2,200 fine; a…

Grass clippings, weeds, and leaves for City collection must be placed in plastic bags, while other vegetative yard waste must be bundled in compact bundles no longer than four feet…

Solid waste may not be set out before 7:00 p.m. the evening prior to collection day, and City-issued receptacles must be removed from the street by 8:00 p.m. on collection day. Between…

Buffalo mandates source separation of recyclables for all commercial users and multiresidential complexes with four or more units. Required materials include newsprint, paper…

Residents with City-issued receptacles may set out up to two pieces of bulk solid waste per weekly collection, including items like discarded furniture, mattresses, tree trimmings…

All garbage set out for City collection must be strained and securely wrapped in paper or plastic; the Commissioner may decline to collect improperly prepared waste. Residents with…

Anyone repairing, renewing, altering or building a dock in Buffalo's harbor, or along the Buffalo River, Cazenovia Creek or Black Rock Harbor, must first get a permit from the…

In Buffalo's mapped Special Flood Hazard Areas, new construction and substantial improvements must have their lowest floor built at least two feet above the base flood elevation. The…

Every building connected to the City sewer must have properly constructed and maintained eaves troughs and rain leaders connected to the sewer. The Buffalo Sewer Authority may…

Buffalo requires a floodplain development permit for any construction, fill, excavation, or other development in a Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA), and mandates that new residential…

New York Executive Law Article 42 and the Coastal Management Program require state and local agency actions in designated coastal areas to be consistent with statewide coastal policies…

New York's Environmental Conservation Law makes it unlawful to discharge stormwater pollutants to state waters from a construction site without a SPDES permit. Operators disturbing one…

No new or altered building in Buffalo can be occupied until the Commissioner of Permit and Inspection Services issues a certificate of occupancy after a final inspection. The…

Buffalo requires a permit from the Commissioner before any electrical work is installed, changed, or added, and every job must conform to the National Electrical Code. Only a…

Buffalo requires a Commissioner-issued permit before any plumbing work begins, under City Code § 326-15, and only a City-licensed Master Plumber can hold one, though a homeowner can…

Every Buffalo short-term rental must have carbon monoxide and smoke detectors installed to the New York State Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code before the Department of Permit…

Buffalo requires approved automatic sprinkler systems in basements exceeding 2,500 square feet used for manufacturing, sales, repair, or storage of combustible materials, and in all…

In Buffalo, no one may erect, alter, reconstruct, move, or demolish any building or structure without first obtaining a permit from the Department of Permit and Inspection Services…

Landlords of Buffalo rental properties built before 1978 must certify, as part of rental dwelling unit registration, that they know about possible lead hazards, have met federal…

All elevators and conveyances in Buffalo buildings must be inspected annually by a licensed inspector, with an annual certificate of operation obtained before use; five-year safety…

Every licensed food store in Buffalo must keep working interior and exterior surveillance cameras with 30 days of stored footage and produce a Buffalo SafeCam certificate of…

Buffalo bars any restaurant, bar, or place of business from serving a drinking straw to a customer unless it is completely enclosed in a wrapper, under City Code § 378-6. It's a…

The New York Bag Waste Reduction Law (Environmental Conservation Law §27-2801, enacted 2019, enforced March 2020) bans most single-use plastic carryout bags statewide. Counties and…

New York prohibits the sale and distribution of expanded polystyrene foam food containers and loose packing peanuts statewide under Environmental Conservation Law Article 27.

Buffalo only lets bingo be run by organizations already licensed under Article 14-H of the state General Municipal Law. City Code caps any single prize at $250 and total prizes per…

New York's Upstate Gaming Economic Development Act divides the state into two casino development zones. Zone One is New York City plus Nassau, Putnam, Rockland, Suffolk, and…

New York's Penal Law never criminalizes playing a private card game or betting pool: it only criminalizes advancing or profiting from gambling. Penal Law § 225.00(3) protects anyone…

Sports betting is legal in New York only through operators licensed by the state Gaming Commission under Racing, Pari-Mutuel Wagering and Breeding Law Section 1367-a. Nine mobile…

Buffalo can condemn and placard any dwelling as unfit for human habitation when it fails a Housing Standards Code order. The Erie County Health Commissioner or the Commissioner of…

Buffalo landlords must give tenants advance written notice before raising rent five percent or more, or declining to renew. New York's Real Property Law § 226-c sets the notice at 30…

Buffalo's Fair Housing Ordinance explicitly lists Section 8 vouchers as a protected lawful source of income; landlords may not refuse to rent to Housing Choice Voucher holders or…

Buffalo's Fair Housing Ordinance (Chapter 154, Article IV) prohibits landlords from refusing to sell or rent housing based on a tenant's lawful source of income, which includes public…

Buffalo's Fair Housing Ordinance prohibits landlords or others from retaliating against or harassing tenants who file housing discrimination complaints, testify in proceedings, or…

All rental dwelling units in Buffalo must be registered annually with the City. Registration requires paying an initial fee of $100 and annual renewal fees; failure to register can…

Before filing a nonpayment eviction, a New York landlord must serve a 14-day written rent demand under RPAPL Section 711. The demand requires, in the alternative, payment of rent or…

New York's Good Cause Eviction Law (RPL Article 6-A) limits evictions and rent hikes for covered tenants in NYC by default, with optional adoption by other municipalities.

Real Property Law Section 238-a, added by the 2019 HSTPA, caps residential late fees at $50 or 5% of the monthly rent, whichever is less, and bars any late fee until rent is more than…

To end a tenancy or decline to renew, a New York landlord must give written notice scaled to how long the tenant has lived in the unit under Real Property Law Section 226-c: 30 days…

Since the 2019 Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act, New York landlords cannot collect a security deposit larger than one month's rent. Within 14 days after a tenant vacates…

New York's adverse possession period is 10 years of continuous, exclusive possession under RPAPL Sections 501 and 511. A 2024 budget amendment to RPAPL Section 711 clarified that…

No City-owned statue or monument in Buffalo can be removed, relocated, or installed without sign-off from both the Commissioner of Public Works and the Common Council, under City Code…

Buffalo requires every non-owner-occupied one- and two-family rental to register with the Department of Permit and Inspection Services and hold a Certificate of Rental Compliance…

New York authorized Buffalo to run school-zone speed cameras under Vehicle & Traffic Law § 1180-d, but the Common Council ended the program September 1, 2021, and the enabling statute…

E-bikes and e-scooters are street-legal in Buffalo but banned from sidewalks and from the muscular-power-only Riverwalk. Only Class 1 and Class 2 e-bikes (20 mph motor cutoff) are…

New York draws a hard line between a golf cart and a low-speed vehicle. A low-speed vehicle is defined by Vehicle and Traffic Law § 121-f as a limited use automobile with a maximum…

Buffalo requires a mobile food vending license before any food truck operates in the public right-of-way or on public property. Trucks must stay 100 feet from licensed restaurants and…

Mobile food vehicles (food trucks) in Buffalo must obtain a license from the Department of Permit and Inspection Services. Initial application fee is $800 (includes first-year…

Buffalo designates a Special Downtown Vending District where vendors may purchase annual site licenses ($350), temporary site licenses ($52.50), or daily site licenses ($25); specialty…

Buffalo permits licensed adult-use cannabis dispensaries only where the Green Code zoning allows retail: either by-right with a use permit or through a discretionary special use permit…

New York law lets adults 21 and over grow cannabis at home and preempts municipalities from prohibiting it, setting uniform plant limits and secure storage requirements statewide.

In Buffalo, adults 21 and older can smoke or vape cannabis anywhere tobacco smoking is allowed, but not where the Clean Indoor Air Act bars it: parks, workplaces, restaurant patios…

Buffalo prohibits aggressive solicitation in public places, including near ATMs, in bus shelters, parking areas, or from motor vehicle occupants. Violators face fines of $25–$250 and…

Buffalo prohibits drinking alcoholic beverages in any public place not licensed to sell alcohol and in any moving, standing, or parked vehicle in a public place. Possession of an open…

Smoking is prohibited in all City of Buffalo buildings, City-owned or -leased vehicles, all public parks, and open-space sites owned or controlled by the City, except in areas where…

Buffalo's Nuisance Party ordinance prohibits hosting or permitting gatherings that result in noise violations, open containers, outdoor urination, underage drinking, illegal drug use…

Buffalo imposes a 3% hotel and motel occupancy tax on every room rental within city limits, effective September 1, 2025. The tax covers hotels, motels, short-term rentals, bed and…

Air conditioners and other mechanical devices that annoy or disturb a reasonable person violate Buffalo's noise ordinance, unless there is urgent necessity or public health, safety…

Security alarms, horns, and other auditory signaling devices on vehicles or stationary equipment may not sound for more than five minutes, except when required by law or used as an…

No person, firm, or corporation may sell, barter, or give smoking materials (including cigarettes, e-cigarettes, loose tobacco, and papers) to anyone under 18 in Buffalo; minors may…

New York prohibits the sale of flavored vapor products statewide under Public Health Law § 1399-mm-1, allowing only tobacco-flavored e-liquid for legal retail sale.

Buffalo requires trees to be planted on the public right-of-way strip between the sidewalk and curb in front of each lot, spaced no more than 30 feet apart. Trees must be certified…

Garage sale signage is limited to a maximum of six signs, each no larger than two square feet. Signs may go up no more than two days before the sale and must be removed at the close of…

In New York, affixing a political sign, poster, or notice to property you neither own nor have permission to use, a utility pole, highway structure, or another person's land, is…

Buffalo requires every yard, court, and vacant lot in the City, whether privately owned or built on, to stay clean and free of hazards, rodent harborage, and noxious overgrowth under…

Every Buffalo property owner or occupant must clear snow and ice off the sidewalk fronting their premises before 9:00 a.m. under City Code § 413-50, and must also clear any handicapped…

When a property owner repeatedly fails to comply with Buffalo's building and property maintenance codes, the Commissioner may erect a public shame sign on the adjacent right-of-way…

No person may solicit funds or conduct sales for charitable, civic, religious, or similar purposes on Buffalo streets or by house-to-house canvass without obtaining a license from the…

Minors age 16 and younger are prohibited from loitering or being in public places between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. on weeknights and between midnight and 5 a.m. on Friday and Saturday…

City parks, playgrounds, and public school grounds are closed nightly from sunset to sunrise; major parks close at 10 p.m. Violation is punishable by a fine of $52.50.

A permit from the Commissioner of Public Works is required for any garage, porch, or yard sale beyond the third such sale in a calendar year. The permit also requires approval from the…

New York Labor Law §652 sets a tiered statewide minimum wage that leaves no room for local wage ordinances. As of January 1, 2026 the rate is $17.00/hr in NYC, Long Island, and…

New York mandates paid sick leave under Labor Law § 196-b and paid family leave under Workers' Compensation Law Article 9, with statewide coverage that applies to nearly every private…

New York requires a state-issued concealed carry license under Penal Law § 400.00, with mandatory training and a long list of statewide sensitive locations where carry is forbidden.

New York Penal Law treats a vehicle as a public place for firearm purposes, requiring a valid pistol license to transport a handgun and strict storage rules for long guns and…

New York has no comprehensive HOA act. Condominiums get a statutory common-charge lien under Real Property Law § 339-z that is foreclosable like a mortgage but junior to a first…

New York homeowners association boards answer to Not-for-Profit Corporation Law Section 621. A member of record for at least six months, or a holder of five percent of any voting…

New York voids HOA bans on solar power and EV charging. Real Property Law § 342 (Solar Rights Act) makes any restriction effectively prohibiting a solar system unenforceable and void…

New York's Electric Vehicle Rights Act, Real Property Law Article 9-D Section 343, bars homeowners' associations statewide from adopting rules that effectively prohibit or unreasonably…

New York Real Property Law Section 339-j strips condominium boards of managers of the power to enforce any by-law, rule, or resolution against a unit owner who displays a United States…

New York creates an assessment lien by statute only for condominiums. Real Property Law § 339-z gives the board of managers a lien on each unit for unpaid common charges that outranks…

New York condominiums have no inherent power to restrict unit leasing: under Real Property Law § 339-v(2)(a), by-laws "may also provide for" leasing restrictions only if the board…

No section of the New York Vehicle and Traffic Law authorizes sobriety checkpoints by name. The practice rests on Court of Appeals case law, chiefly People v. Scott, applied against…

New York is one of the few states that put the right to record police into its own statute rather than leaving it to case law. Civil Rights Law § 79-p, headed "Recording certain…

New York has no stop-and-identify statute. Criminal Procedure Law § 140.50(1) lets a police officer who reasonably suspects a felony or a misdemeanor defined in the Penal Law stop you…

New York wrote an unusually specific rule into the Penal Law when it legalized adult-use cannabis: § 222.05(2) provides that no conduct made lawful by that section shall constitute the…

Agriculture and Markets Law Article 25-AA governs certified agricultural districts statewide and limits how local zoning can apply to working farms inside them.

NY Agriculture and Markets Law §301-309 protects sound agricultural practices in certified Agricultural Districts from local ordinances and private nuisance suits. The Commissioner…

New York's Solar Rights Act, Real Property Law Article 9-C, section 342, voids any homeowners' association rule that effectively bans rooftop solar. A restriction counts as an illegal…

New York's Unified Solar Permit and Real Property Law section 342 limit how municipalities and HOAs may restrict residential solar installations, ensuring permit access statewide.

Vehicle and Traffic Law section 375(41) governs every light added to a New York vehicle beyond the lamps the law already requires, and it opens with a near total prohibition: no light…

New York grants a dash cam no designated place on the windshield. Vehicle and Traffic Law section 375(30) makes it unlawful to operate a motor vehicle with any object placed or hung in…

New York prohibits lane splitting outright. Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1252(c) makes it illegal to operate a motorcycle between lanes of traffic or between adjacent lines or rows of…

New York does not allow license plate covers of any kind. Vehicle and Traffic Law § 402(1)(b)(ii-a) states flatly that number plates shall not be covered by glass or any plastic…

New York does not ban radar detectors in private passenger cars. Vehicle and Traffic Law section 397-a prohibits using a radar or laser detector only in a motor vehicle with a gross…

New York allows studded snow tires, but only within a fixed season and only within precise dimensional limits. Vehicle and Traffic Law § 375(35-a) makes it unlawful to drive a motor…

New York requires at least 70 percent light transmittance through the front windshield, both front side windows and the rear window under Vehicle and Traffic Law section 375(12-a)(b)…