Richmond allows family day homes caring for up to 5 children in R districts as a home occupation. Larger day homes (6 to 12 children) require a special use permit and Virginia Department of Social Services licensure under 22 VAC 40-111.
Richmond Zoning Ordinance Β§30-692 treats family day homes as home occupations when serving 1 to 5 children unrelated to the provider. Day homes serving 6 to 12 children need a conditional use permit from City Council and state licensing through VDSS. Providers must obtain a business license from the Department of Finance, carry liability insurance, pass background checks (VA Code Β§63.2-1720), and comply with Virginia USBC residential care requirements. Outdoor play areas must be fenced and meet setback rules.
Operating an unlicensed day home: civil penalty up to 250 dollars per day under VA Code Β§63.2-1712, plus zoning violation fines of 100 to 500 dollars per day. Unsafe conditions trigger VDSS license revocation.
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See how Richmond's home daycare rules stack up against other locations.
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