Richmond, CA Swimming Pools & Spas: Safety Rules (2026)

Suction entrapment is one of the most serious pool hazards, and both federal and California law impose strict drain safety requirements enforced by Richmond's Building Division during pool permit inspections. The federal Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act (VGBA, 15 U.S.C. §8003) requires that every pool and spa drain cover meet the ASME/ANSI A112.19.8 performance standard, which tests for hair entanglement, limb entrapment, and evisceration. California HSC §115928 and §115922 additionally require that any pool or spa with a single main drain (other than an unblockable drain) be equipped with one of the following backup systems: a safety vacuum release system (SVRS) that cuts power when a blockage is detected; a suction-limiting vent system; an automatic pump shut-off system; a gravity drainage system; or drain disablement. Newly built pools typically use dual main drains at least three feet apart, which provides inherent protection against entrapment. All drain covers must be replaced when they exceed their stamped lifespan (usually 5–10 years). Commercial and public pools are subject to additional Contra Costa County Environmental Health inspections.