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Yellowstone County, MT Business Licensing & Operations: Adult Entertainment (2026)

Significant Restrictions
Compiled from the official code textEditor Martyn O'NeillLast verified September 2026

Key Facts

Permitted zones
CX, I1, I2 districts only (§ 27-1005.B.7)
Residential/school/park buffer
1,000 feet (§ 27-1005.B.5)
Buffer from another SOB
600 feet (§ 27-1005.B.5(b))
Hours closed
12:01 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. (§ 27-1005.B.8(d))
Minors
Not allowed on premises (§ 27-1005.B.8(f))
Nonconforming lapse
Lost after 30 days' discontinuance (§ 27-1005.B.4)

Summary

Yellowstone County treats sexually oriented businesses, adult arcades, adult book or video stores, adult motels, and adult motion picture theaters, as a regulated commercial use under the Zoning Code. Such a business may locate only in the CX heavy commercial, I1 controlled industrial, or I2 heavy industrial districts, and must stay 1,000 feet from any residential or mixed-use zone, school, park, library, day care, or religious institution, and 600 feet from another such business.

City-specific rules exist: Billings has its own adult entertainment rules that differ from Yellowstone County's county-level regulations. If you live in Billings, check the city-specific page instead.

(a) A sexually oriented business shall not be operated within 1,000 feet of any of the following: (1) A neighborhood, residential, or mixed-use zone. (2) Any planned development zone that allows residential uses unless such zone is separated from the location of a sexually oriented business by an interstate highway. (3) Land uses: (i) Public library; (ii) Public playground or park (for purposes of this section, publicly owned multiuse trails shall be deemed to be a park); (iii) Public or private school and its grounds, from pre-school through twelfth grade; (iv) A state licensed community residential facility, family day care home, group day care home, day care center, religious assembly, or (v) A religious institution. (b) A sexually oriented business shall not be located within 600 feet of another sexually oriented business.

Full Breakdown

7). 5-6), with distances measured in a straight line from property line to property line. , prohibit on-premises nudity and specified sexual activity outside an adult motel, ban alcohol on the premises other than at an adult motel, and exclude minors entirely. Employees may not solicit business outside the building, and live entertainment must be performed on a platform that keeps performers at least nine feet from patrons. 9). 10). 4).

Violations & Fines

Operating a sexually oriented business outside the CX, I1, or I2 districts, within the required buffers, or in violation of the operating standards is a Zoning Code violation. Under § 27-1005.B.10, it is unlawful for an operator to let merchandise or activity be visible from outside the building or to add flashing signage or non-monochromatic exterior paint. These violations, like other Zoning Code violations, are misdemeanors under § 27-1704.G, carrying a fine up to the state statutory limit or up to six months in jail, or both, with each day counted as a separate offense; the zoning coordinator may also issue a stop-use order under § 27-1704.E.

Frequently Asked Questions

Where can a sexually oriented business legally operate in Yellowstone County?
Only in the CX heavy commercial, I1 controlled industrial, or I2 heavy industrial zone districts under § 27-1005.B.7. Even inside those districts, the business must still clear the 1,000-foot buffer from residential and mixed-use zones, schools, parks, libraries, day cares, and religious institutions, and the 600-foot buffer from any other sexually oriented business, both measured under § 27-1005.B.5-6.
What hours can an adult business stay open?
Section 27-1005.B.8(d) bars a sexually oriented business from operating between 12:01 a.m. and 9:00 a.m. The same subsection prohibits alcohol on the premises other than at an adult motel, bans minors entirely, and requires any live entertainment to be performed on a platform that keeps performers at least nine feet from patrons.
Does an existing adult business lose its rights if it's in the wrong zone?
It can continue as a nonconforming use under MCA 76-2-208 and § 27-1500 if it predates the current buffers, but § 27-1005.B.4 cuts off that protection once the business is discontinued or abandoned for 30 consecutive days; after that, any new use of the property must meet current zoning.

Sources & Official References

Other rules in Yellowstone County

All Yellowstone County rules

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