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Baltimore County, MD Business Licensing & Operations: Pawnbrokers (2026)

Significant Restrictions
Compiled from the official code textEditor Martyn O'NeillLast verified September 2026

Key Facts

Countywide cap
12 valid dealer licenses
Per-district cap
2 pawnshops per councilmanic district
Distance rule
1-mile radius from another pawnshop
Buffer requirement
6-ft board-on-board fence or brick wall
Sign limit
50 sq ft, wall-mounted only
Enforcement
Dept. of Permits, Approvals and Inspections

Summary

Baltimore County limits pawnshops to 12 valid dealer licenses countywide and no more than two per councilmanic district. New shops need a special exception, a buffer wall near homes, schools or churches, and cannot sell firearms or display the word "pawn" without a licensed dealer status.

These county ordinances apply to unincorporated areas of Baltimore County. Incorporated cities within the county may have their own rules that take precedence over county-level regulations.

The Director of Permits, Approvals and Inspections may not accept a special exception petition for a pawnshop if there are 12 valid dealers' licenses in the county used to operate pawnshops. ... Location may not be within a one-mile radius of any other pawnshop, and no more than two pawnshops may be located in a councilmanic district.

View official code

Official source re-checked September 7, 2026: no newer edition of the code had been published (publisher’s edition: Code of Ordinances: Supplement 29 | Zoning Regulations: Supplement 10).

Full Breakdown

D, the Director of Permits, Approvals and Inspections may not accept a special exception petition for a new pawnshop once the county already has 12 valid dealers' licenses in use for pawn operations; the Chief of Police tracks license status from dealer transaction sheets and reports it to the Director. E, freeing a slot. 3 requires a pawnshop abutting a residential zone, school or church to install a six-foot board-on-board fence or a brick wall combined with landscaping. It restricts wall signage to twice the wall's length or 50 square feet, whichever is less, bans freestanding signs entirely, and prohibits any exterior temporary signage, including in windows.

Use of the word "pawn" or the three-golden-balls symbol is restricted to licensed pawnshops, and firearm sales are prohibited unless separately authorized by federal and state agencies. 4 adds that a special-exception pawnshop cannot locate within a one-mile radius of another pawnshop, caps the total at two per councilmanic district, and lets the Zoning Commissioner limit hours of operation. 5 places enforcement with the Director of Permits, Approvals and Inspections under Article 32, Title 3 of the County Code and Article 5 of the zoning regulations.

Violations & Fines

Operating a pawnshop without the required special exception, exceeding the 12-license countywide cap, or violating the buffer, signage or firearm restrictions is enforced by the Director of Permits, Approvals and Inspections under Article 32, Title 3 of the County Code. Violations can lead to citation, denial or revocation of the special exception, and required removal of noncompliant signage or fencing.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many pawnshops can operate in Baltimore County?
No more than 12 dealers holding valid licenses may operate pawn transactions countywide, and no more than two may be located in any single councilmanic district, per Zoning Regulations Section 436.2.D and 436.4.A.
Can a new pawnshop open near a school or church?
Yes, but Section 436.3.A requires it to install a six-foot board-on-board fence or a brick wall combined with landscaping wherever it abuts a residential zone line, school or church.
Can a pawnshop sell firearms in Baltimore County?
No. Section 436.3.E prohibits firearm sales at a pawnshop unless separately authorized by the appropriate federal and state agencies.

Sources & Official References

Other rules in Baltimore County

All Baltimore County rules

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