Massachusetts Eviction Notice & Summary Process (M.G.L. c. 186 §§ 11–12; c. 239)

Massachusetts requires a written notice to quit before eviction. For nonpayment of rent, M.G.L. c. 186 § 11 (leases) and § 12 (tenancies at will) both provide that "fourteen days' notice to quit" in writing is sufficient to terminate the tenancy. Tenants generally have a right to cure: under § 11, paying "all rent then due, with interest and costs of suit" before the answer is due preserves the tenancy; under § 12, a tenant at will who received no similar notice in the prior 12 months may pay the full rent due within 10 days of receipt. After the notice period, the landlord files a summary process action under M.G.L. c. 239 § 1 to recover possession; only a court-issued execution, served by a sheriff or constable, can lawfully remove a tenant.

Self-help eviction (lockouts, utility shutoffs, removing belongings) is illegal and exposes the landlord to liability, including treble damages or up to three months' rent plus costs and attorney's fees under M.G.L. c. 186 § 14.