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Missouri Statewide Rule

Missouri Excursion Gambling Boat Home Dock Siting Law

Significant RestrictionsApplies statewide across Missouri (2026)

Key Facts

Governing statute
RSMo § 313.812 (Missouri Gaming Commission)
Constitutional basis
Mo. Const. Art. III, § 39(e), adopted 1994
Permitted waters
Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, plus 1,000-ft artificial basins
Local approval
Voter election required before a city/county can license a dock
Election trigger
Governing-body motion or petition of 15% of voters
Home dock revenue
10% of state's 21% AGR tax, plus docking fee
Unlicensed operation penalty
Class E felony under RSMo § 313.830
Last verified: August 21, 2026

Summary

Missouri law confines casino gambling to "excursion gambling boats" that must dock only on the Mississippi or Missouri River, and only in a city or unincorporated county area whose voters approved licensing at a local election. The Missouri Gaming Commission then decides the number, location, and type of boats for that home-dock city or county under RSMo § 313.812.

The commission shall decide the number, location and type of excursion gambling boat in a city or county under subsection 10 of this section. ... Gambling excursions including the operation of gambling games on an excursion gambling boat which is not continuously docked shall be allowed only on the Mississippi River and the Missouri River. ... No license to conduct gambling games on an excursion gambling boat in a city or county shall be issued unless and until the qualified voters of the city or county approve such activities pursuant to this subsection. ... Excursion gambling boats may only dock in a city or unincorporated area of a county which approves licensing of such excursion gambling boats pursuant to this subsection, but gambling operations may be conducted at any point on the Mississippi River or the Missouri River during an excursion.

Full Breakdown

Missouri's casino industry runs entirely on excursion gambling boats, there are no land-based casinos and no local zoning ordinance can create one. Authority traces to Mo. Const. Art. III, § 39(e), adopted by voters in 1994 and amended in 1998, which limits gambling to boats and floating facilities on the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, including artificial spaces that contain water and that are within 1000 feet of the closest edge of the main channel of either river, the constitutional basis for the moat-style basins at casinos like Ameristar St.

Charles and Harrah's North Kansas City. " Only after that local yes-vote does the Commission decide the number, location, and type of boats for that home-dock city or county. 10(3) the actual gambling can happen "at any point on the Mississippi River or the Missouri River during an excursion," so cruising boats are not confined to the home dock's city limits once underway. 822 collects 10 percent of the state's 21 percent tax on adjusted gross receipts, earmarked for public-safety services tied to the boat.

Violations & Penalties

Operating a gambling excursion without a Commission license, or running gambling other than as RSMo § 313.817 specifies, is a class E felony under RSMo § 313.830(1)-(2). The Commission refers violations to the Attorney General and the local prosecuting attorney, who may sue in the county where the offense occurred. Docking in a city or county that never held, or that rejected, a local approval election is likewise unlicensed operation, exposing the boat's license to revocation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a Missouri city just approve a casino without a public vote?
No. RSMo § 313.812.10(1) blocks any excursion-boat license in a city or county until qualified voters approve licensing at a general, primary, or special election. The vote can be called by the city or county's governing body or forced by a petition signed by 15 percent of qualified voters, and the ballot must ask a fixed statutory question about allowing licensing of excursion gambling boats or floating facilities.
Does a casino boat have to stay tied up at its home dock?
No. Once a boat is licensed to a home dock city or county, § 313.812.10(3) lets it conduct gambling at any point on the Mississippi River or the Missouri River during an excursion. Most Missouri casinos today stay continuously docked in artificial basins rather than actually cruising, but the statute does not require that: only the home dock location is fixed by the local vote.
Could a Missouri city ever zone a land-based casino downtown?
No. Mo. Const. Art. III, § 39(e) limits authorized gambling to boats and floating facilities on the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers or in artificial water spaces within 1000 feet of either river's main channel. No city zoning code can site a casino outside that constitutional footprint: it would take a statewide constitutional amendment, not a local ordinance.

Sources

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