Washington Statewide Rule
Washington Sports Wagering Limited to Tribal Casinos
Key Facts
- Governing statute
- RCW 9.46.0364, enacted by 2020 c 127 (ESHB 2638)
- Legal venue
- Tribal casinos operating under an amended class III compact
- Mobile wagering
- Only while physically present at the tribe's gaming facility
- Effective date
- March 25, 2020: immediate effect (2020 c 127)
- Unauthorized bookmaking penalty
- Class B felony: professional gambling in the first degree
- Statewide commercial sportsbooks
- Not licensed anywhere outside a tribal gaming compact
- Regulator
- Washington State Gambling Commission negotiates and enforces compact terms
Summary
Sports betting is legal in Washington only at tribal casinos operating under a class III gaming compact amended to include it, as RCW 9.46.0364 authorizes following ESHB 2638 (2020 c 127). There is no commercial sportsbook license available to anyone else, and even in-casino mobile wagering works only while the bettor is physically on tribal gaming premises, per RCW 9.46.0368.
(1) Upon the request of a federally recognized Indian tribe or tribes in the state of Washington, the tribe's class III gaming compact may be amended pursuant to the Indian gaming regulatory act, 25 U.S.C. Sec. 2701 et seq., and RCW 9.46.360 to authorize the tribe to conduct and operate sports wagering on Indian lands, provided the amendment addresses: Licensing; fees associated with the gambling commission's regulation of sports wagering; how sports wagering will be conducted, operated, and regulated; issues related to criminal enforcement, including money laundering, sport integrity, and information sharing between the commission and the tribe related to such enforcement; and responsible and problem gambling. Sports wagering conducted pursuant to the gaming compact is a gambling activity authorized by this chapter. (2) Sports wagering conducted pursuant to the provisions of a class III gaming compact entered into by a tribe and the state pursuant to RCW 9.46.360 is authorized bookmaking and is not subject to civil or criminal penalties pursuant to RCW 9.46.225.
Full Breakdown
Washington legalized sports wagering in a single narrow channel: tribal casinos. 360 to add sports wagering, but only if the amendment covers licensing, the Gambling Commission's regulatory fees, how wagering will be conducted and regulated, anti-money-laundering and sport-integrity enforcement with information-sharing between the tribe and the Commission, and responsible and problem-gambling programs. 225, the section that otherwise shields only activities this chapter specifically authorizes from the state's professional-gambling statutes. There is no standalone state sportsbook license and no commercial operator outside a tribal compact; Washington never created a mobile market open to any operator the way many states have.
0364 only if the wager is placed and accepted at a tribe's gaming facility while the customer is physically present on the premises of that facility. Betting from home, a hotel room, or the parking lot does not qualify; the platform has to confirm the bettor is inside the casino. The legislature's 2020 findings frame this as a deliberate, narrow carve-out from the state's default gambling prohibition, authorizing sports wagering on a very limited basis by restricting it to tribal casinos and leaning on the tribes' compact-gaming track record rather than opening a licensed commercial market. 0364 itself.
Violations & Penalties
Taking sports bets without a tribal class III compact is professional gambling in the first degree under RCW 9.46.220, a class B felony, if the operator engages in bookmaking, personally accepts wagers exceeding $5,000 in any 30-day period, or acts in concert with five or more people. RCW 9.46.225 exempts only compact-authorized wagering from that penalty; a mobile wager accepted from a bettor who is not physically on tribal casino premises falls outside RCW 9.46.0368's authorization as well.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I bet on sports online or through an app anywhere in Washington?
Which sportsbooks can legally take my bet?
What happens if someone runs a sportsbook outside a tribal compact?
When did tribal sports wagering become legal in Washington?
Sources
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