Albemarle County, VA Business Licensing & Operations: Secondhand Dealers (2026)
Key Facts
- Permit issuer
- Chief of Police, Sec. 12-201
- Bond required
- $10,000.00 or equivalent letter of credit
- Record retention
- 24+ months for transaction records
- Item hold period
- 15 calendar days before resale
- First-offense penalty
- Class 2 misdemeanor
- Repeat-offense penalty
- Class 1 misdemeanor, permit revocable
Summary
Anyone buying precious metals or gems from the public in Albemarle County, such as a pawn or secondhand gold shop, must hold a permit from the Chief of Police, post a $10,000 bond, and keep detailed transaction records for each seller. County Code §§ 12-201, 12-205 and 12-211 set these permit, bonding and item-retention rules under Article 2 of the Regulated Enterprises chapter.
Sec. 12-201 - Permit—Required. No person shall engage in the activities of a dealer, as defined in Virginia Code § 54.1-4100, without first obtaining a permit from the Chief of Police. ... A.Before receiving a permit, a dealer shall provide a bond to the County, secured by a corporate surety authorized to do business in the Commonwealth, to be payable to the County in the penal sum of $10,000.00, and conditioned upon due observance of the terms of this article. ... A.The dealer shall retain all precious metals or gems in the condition in which purchased for a minimum of 15 calendar days from the time of filing the bill of sale for their purchase with the Chief of Police.
Full Breakdown
1-4100. Sec. 12-201 makes it unlawful to engage in the activities of a dealer without first obtaining a permit from the Chief of Police, and Sec. 12-202 requires the dealer to file an application and pay the state-set application fee. Sec. 12-203 makes the permit a nontransferable personal privilege that must be displayed prominently on the business premises, and Sec. 12-204 voids any permit obtained through a knowingly false statement. Before receiving a permit, Sec. 00 payable to the county, secured by a corporate surety, or in the alternative to obtain a bank letter of credit in the same amount; a single bond or letter of credit can cover an employer's employees and all transactions at one location.
Sec. 12-208 requires the dealer to keep an accurate record of every purchase, including a description of the items, price, date, time and place, the seller's full name, address, phone numbers, date of birth, physical description, government-issued photo identification, a statement of ownership, and a digital image of the seller's ID; one copy of the bill of sale must reach the Chief of Police within 24 hours of the purchase. Sec. 12-210 bars a dealer from buying from a seller under 18 or from anyone the dealer believes is not the true owner without written authorization.
Sec. 12-211 requires the dealer to hold every purchased item unaltered and unsold for at least 15 calendar days after filing the bill of sale, and Sec. 12-207 makes a first violation of the article a class 2 misdemeanor and a subsequent violation a class 1 misdemeanor, with the Chief of Police empowered to revoke a dealer's permit for one year after a first conviction and two years after a second.
Violations & Fines
Operating as a precious metals or gems dealer in Albemarle County without a Chief of Police permit violates Sec. 12-201. A first conviction under Article 2, including failing to post the $10,000.00 bond, keep required records, or hold purchased items for the 15-day retention period, is a class 2 misdemeanor; a second or later conviction is a class 1 misdemeanor, and the Chief of Police can revoke the dealer's permit for one to two years.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does a pawn or gold-buying shop need a permit in Albemarle County?
How long must a dealer hold onto purchased gold or jewelry before reselling it?
What bond does a precious metals dealer need to post?
What happens if a dealer is convicted of violating the ordinance?
Sources & Official References
Other rules in Albemarle County
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