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Washington County, MD Environmental Rules: Flood Elevation Requirements (2026)

Significant Restrictions
Compiled from the official code textEditor Martyn O'NeillLast verified September 2026

Key Facts

FPE definition
Base flood elevation + 1 ft freeboard
Governing section
Floodplain Ordinance § 5.3(A)
Zone AO alternate
Depth number + 1 ft, or 3 ft minimum
Enclosure opening ratio
1 sq in per sq ft of enclosed area
Max fine
$1,000 per day, Sec. 8.3
BFE source
FIS dated August 15, 2017

Summary

New and substantially improved residential structures in Washington County flood hazard areas must have their lowest floor elevated to or above the Flood Protection Elevation, which is defined as the base flood elevation plus one foot of freeboard.

These county ordinances apply to unincorporated areas of Washington County. Incorporated cities within the county may have their own rules that take precedence over county-level regulations.

Flood Protection Elevation or FPE: The base flood elevation plus one (1) foot of freeboard.

(A) Elevation Requirements

(1) Lowest floors shall be elevated to or above the flood protection elevation.

(2) In areas of shallow flooding (Zone AO), the lowest floor (including basement) shall be elevated at least as high above the highest adjacent grade as the depth number specified in feet on the FIRM plus one (1) foot, or at least three (3) feet if a depth number is not specified.

Full Breakdown

0 as the base flood elevation plus one foot of freeboard, building a mandatory one-foot safety margin above FEMA's mapped base flood elevation into every county elevation requirement. 3(A)(1) applies that definition directly to housing: new residential structures and residential portions of mixed-use structures, along with substantial improvements to existing residential structures (including repair of substantial damage), must have their lowest floor elevated to or above the flood protection elevation. 3(A)(2) sets an alternate standard: the lowest floor, including any basement, must sit at least as high above the highest adjacent grade as the depth number shown on the FIRM plus one foot, or at least three feet if the map shows no depth number.

3(C): it may be used only for vehicle parking, building access, crawl or underfloor space, or limited storage, must use flood damage-resistant materials, and must have at least two flood openings on different exterior walls sized to provide at least one square inch of net opening per square foot of enclosed area, or engineered openings certified by a licensed professional engineer. 5's engineering-analysis requirements.

Violations & Fines

Building below the required Flood Protection Elevation or occupying a noncompliant enclosure is enforced the same way as any other floodplain violation: a misdemeanor under Section 8.3 with a fine of up to $1,000, each day treated as a separate offense, following a written notice of violation or stop-work order from the Floodplain Administrator under Section 8.2. The Administrator can also pursue any other lawful remedy under Section 8.1, and a recipient of a violation notice has a right to appeal under Section 7's variance procedures or the notice itself.

Frequently Asked Questions

How high above base flood elevation must a home be built in Washington County?
The lowest floor must sit at or above the Flood Protection Elevation, defined in Section 2.0 as the base flood elevation plus one foot of freeboard, per Section 5.3(A)(1) for new and substantially improved residential structures.
What if my lot is in Zone AO with no base flood elevation shown?
Section 5.3(A)(2) requires the lowest floor, including any basement, to be elevated at least as high above the highest adjacent grade as the FIRM's depth number plus one foot, or at least three feet if no depth number is given.
Can I use the space below the elevated floor for a garage?
Yes, but only for parking, building access, crawl space, or limited storage under Section 5.3(C), and it must use flood-resistant materials with engineered or code-sized flood openings on at least two exterior walls.

Sources & Official References

Other rules in Washington County

All Washington County rules

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