Retaining walls in Franklin are regulated under Section 13.2 of the Zoning Ordinance and under the City-adopted International Building Code and International Residential Code. For residential uses, the front-yard retaining wall height is capped at 2 feet and side/rear-yard walls are capped at 6 feet, with a limit of three retaining walls per lot. For multifamily, nonresidential, and mixed uses, a single wall is capped at 10 feet and a pair of walls at 8 feet each (16 feet total grade change). Walls must be set back from lot lines at least 5 feet or the height of the wall (whichever is greater), and walls over 4 feet generally require a permit and engineered design under the IRC/IBC.
Franklin Zoning Ordinance Section 13.2 (Retaining Walls) sets the following limits. Residential uses: 'Front yard: Maximum 2 feet' and 'Side and rear yard: Maximum 6 feet,' with a maximum of three retaining walls per lot. Multifamily, Nonresidential, and Mixed Uses: 'Single wall: 10 feet max' or 'Pair of walls: 8 feet max per wall, with an overall max grade change of 16 feet.' Setbacks are described as 'five feet or the distance equal to the height of the wall, whichever is greater,' with the additional rules: cannot be placed within a public right-of-way, must maintain sight distance at intersections, no location within 6 feet of fire hydrants, and no encroachment into utility easements without written consent. Multifamily, nonresidential, and mixed-use retaining walls require landscaping: 'Each retaining wall shall have a single row of evergreen shrubs, planted every five feet on center,' with a minimum 30-inch height at planting. Materials standards require walls to be finished with 'brick, natural stone, or cultured stone'; for sections not visible from public streets, private streets, internal drives, or open spaces, 'stained or stamped concrete and split-face block are also permitted.' Retaining walls used for stormwater management are exempt from residential/multifamily standards. Under the City-adopted 2018 IRC/IBC (and 2024 editions effective January 1, 2026 per TCA Title 68, Chapter 120 and the City's Adopted Codes page), retaining walls over 4 feet measured from bottom of footing to top of wall, or any wall supporting a surcharge, require a building permit and engineered design per Tennessee-licensed professional engineer.
Building a residential retaining wall taller than 2 feet in a front yard or 6 feet in a side/rear yard violates Section 13.2. Building any retaining wall over 4 feet (bottom of footing to top of wall) without a permit and engineered drawings violates the City-adopted IRC/IBC. Walls placed within easements, within 6 feet of a fire hydrant, or in the public right-of-way must be removed. Multifamily/nonresidential walls without the required evergreen shrub planting violate Section 13.2 landscaping requirements.
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