Winston-Salem, NC Solar Energy: HOA Restrictions (2026)
Key Facts
- State Law
- NCGS 22B-20 preemption
- Applies
- Single-family detached
- HOA Rules
- Reasonable only
- Effective
- October 1, 2007
- Townhomes
- Limited protection
Summary
NCGS 22B-20 prohibits HOAs from banning solar panels on single-family homes in Winston-Salem. HOAs may impose reasonable restrictions on location and appearance but cannot make solar economically infeasible. Statute applies to covenants recorded after 2008.
(a) The intent of the General Assembly is to protect the public health, safety, and welfare by encouraging the development and use of solar resources and by prohibiting deed restrictions, covenants, and other similar agreements that could have the ultimate effect of driving the costs of owning and maintaining a residence beyond the financial means of most owners. (b) Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, any deed restriction, covenant, or similar binding agreement that runs with the land that would prohibit, or have the effect of prohibiting, the installation of a solar collector that gathers solar radiation as a substitute for traditional energy for water heating, active space heating and cooling, passive heating, or generating electricity for a residential property on land subject to the deed restriction, covenant, or agreement is void and unenforceable. As used in this section, the term "residential property" means property where the predominant use is for residential purposes. [...] (c) This section does not prohibit a deed restriction, covenant, or similar binding agreement that runs with the land that would regulate the location or screening of solar collectors as described in subsection (b) of this section, provided the deed restriction, covenant, or similar binding agreement does not have the effect of preventing the reasonable use of a solar collector for a residential property.
Full Breakdown
North Carolina solar access law (NCGS 22B-20), enacted in 2007 and strengthened since, preempts most HOA restrictions on solar energy systems. The statute voids any deed restriction, covenant, or similar agreement that prohibits the installation of a solar collector on single-family residential property. HOAs may still adopt reasonable rules governing location (e.g., preferring rear-facing roof slopes when they provide comparable energy output) and appearance (e.g., color-matching mounting hardware), but these rules cannot significantly increase costs or decrease efficiency beyond reasonable thresholds. The statute applies to covenants recorded after October 1, 2007. If your HOA denies a solar application, the burden is on the HOA to demonstrate that alternative placements offer comparable performance. Townhomes and condominiums have limited protection because the statute focuses on single-family detached homes; shared roofs are governed by HOA rules.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can my HOA ban solar panels entirely?
What if my HOA demands panels on the back only?
Sources & Official References
- [1]NCGS 22B-20
Other rules in Winston-Salem
Compare Winston-Salem to another location·View the North Carolina solar energy overview
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