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Arizona Statewide Rule

Arizona Groundwater Management Act and Water Restrictions

Heavy RestrictionsApplies statewide across Arizona (2026)

Key Facts

Statute
ARS Title 45 Chapter 2
AMAs
Five original; more added 2022-2024
Regulator
ADWR
Enacted
1980
Last verified: August 21, 2026Source: Arizona State Legislature

Summary

Arizona regulates groundwater use through Active Management Areas (AMAs) under the 1980 Groundwater Management Act, applying mandatory conservation requirements to municipal water providers in five designated regions, including Phoenix and Tucson.

A. Notwithstanding any other law, a municipality that is located in an initial active management area may not adopt or enforce any requirement that establishes, directly or indirectly, any of the following: 1. Minimum turf requirements, except for functional turf requirements that are associated with public recreational use areas or other public spaces that are regularly used for civic, community or recreational purposes, including playgrounds, sports fields, cemeteries, schoolyards and stormwater management, but not including stormwater drainage areas that are located in subdivisions. 2. The installation of plants that are not included on the low-water-use and drought-tolerant plant list that is published by the department for the current management plan in the initial active management areas.

Source: Arizona State LegislatureView official code

Full Breakdown

A.R.S. Title 45, Chapter 2 establishes Active Management Areas where the Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR) sets conservation goals through successive management plans. Cities and large water providers must meet per-capita gallon-per-day targets, and assured water supply rules require a 100-year supply for new subdivisions in AMAs. Municipalities may impose stricter local watering schedules, but the statewide AMA framework is binding. ADWR may also find water-shortage conditions and impose additional conservation requirements, though there is no single 'drought declaration' statute triggering fixed tiers.

Violations & Penalties

Subdivision approval may be denied without an Assured Water Supply designation; civil penalties for unauthorized groundwater pumping can reach thousands per violation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does the Groundwater Management Act apply statewide?
No. Mandatory conservation duties apply within the Active Management Areas: the five original (Phoenix, Tucson, Pinal, Prescott, Santa Cruz) plus Douglas (2022) and Willcox and Ranegras Plain (2024). Areas outside AMAs follow looser well-permitting rules.
Can my city set stricter watering rules than the state?
Yes. Arizona cities may impose stricter watering-day or drought restrictions, but they cannot weaken statewide AMA conservation goals or assured water supply requirements set by ADWR.

Sources

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