Hawaii State Water Code and Conservation

HRS Chapter 174C, the State Water Code, vests authority over Hawaii's water resources in the Commission on Water Resource Management (CWRM). In designated water management areas, all non-domestic water use requires a permit. The Commission may impose mandatory conservation measures, restrictions on outdoor irrigation, and reduced allocations during droughts or shortages. Counties operate water utilities but must comply with state allocations and conservation orders. The Code preempts inconsistent county actions on groundwater and surface water management. Violators face cease-and-desist orders, fines, and permit revocation.

Civil penalties up to $5,000 per violation per day, criminal misdemeanor charges for willful violations, plus mandatory restoration and permit revocation.