Illinois Statewide Rule
Illinois Habitability and Repair Standards
Key Facts
- Source
- Case law, not statute: Jack Spring, Inc. v. Little, 50 Ill. 2d 351 (1972)
- Standard
- Substantial compliance with applicable building code
- Scope
- Implied in every residential lease, oral or written
- Chicago RLTO
- Separate, stricter codified maintenance duties
Summary
Illinois recognizes an implied warranty of habitability in every residential lease through case law, not a single statute. The Illinois Supreme Court established it in Jack Spring, Inc. v. Little (1972), holding that all residential leases include the warranty, fulfilled by substantial compliance with applicable building codes. Chicago's RLTO adds detailed statutory standards.
Sec. 5. Repair; deduction from rent. If a repair is required under a residential lease agreement or required under a law, administrative rule, or local ordinance or regulation, and the reasonable cost of the repair does not exceed the lesser of $500 or one-half of the monthly rent, the tenant may notify the landlord in writing by registered or certified mail or other restricted delivery service to the address of the landlord or an agent of the landlord as indicated on the lease agreement; if an address is not listed, the tenant may send notice to the landlord's last known address of the tenant's intention to have the repair made at the landlord's expense.
Full Breakdown
There is no statewide habitability statute; the duty arises from Illinois common law. In Jack Spring, Inc. v. Little, 50 Ill. 2d 351 (1972), the Illinois Supreme Court abandoned the old rule that a landlord owed no repair duty and held that residential leases (oral or written) include an implied warranty of habitability 'fulfilled by substantial compliance with the pertinent provisions' of the applicable building code. Pole Realty Co. v. Sorrells (1981) extended the warranty beyond multi-unit buildings. A breach must be substantial enough to render the unit unsafe or unsanitary, and the duty to pay rent is dependent on the landlord's performance, so tenants may have remedies such as rent abatement. The Chicago RLTO codifies specific maintenance duties locally.
Violations & Penalties
No specific statutory penalty statewide. On a substantial breach, tenants may pursue common-law remedies including rent abatement, damages, or, in some cases, termination; because rent is dependent on the warranty, a court may reduce rent to the unit's diminished value. Chicago's RLTO adds its own remedies.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Illinois law require landlords to keep rentals habitable?
What can an Illinois tenant do if the landlord won't make repairs?
Sources
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