Missouri Statewide Rule
Missouri Statewide Animal Neglect and Abuse Law
Key Facts
- Neglect statute
- RSMo 578.009
- Abuse statute
- RSMo 578.012
- Adequate care
- RSMo 578.005
- First offense
- Class C misdemeanor
- Felony trigger
- Torture or repeat
Summary
Missouri RSMo 578.009 and 578.012 universally criminalize animal neglect, abandonment, and abuse, applying to hoarding situations regardless of municipal limits and authorizing courts to order cost recovery, animal forfeiture, and ownership bans.
578.009. Animal neglect — penalties. — 1. A person commits the offense of animal neglect if he or she: (1) Has custody or ownership of an animal and fails to provide adequate care; or (2) Knowingly abandons an animal in any place without making provisions for its adequate care. 2. The offense of animal neglect is a class C misdemeanor unless the person has previously been found guilty of an offense under this section, or an offense in another jurisdiction which would constitute an offense under this section, in which case it is a class B misdemeanor. 3. All fines and penalties for a first finding of guilt under this section may be waived by the court if the person found guilty of animal neglect shows that adequate, permanent remedies for the neglect have been made. Reasonable costs incurred for the care and maintenance of neglected animals may not be waived. This section shall not apply to the provisions of section 578.007 or chapter 272 . 4. In addition to any other penalty imposed by this section, the court may order a person found guilty of animal neglect to pay all reasonable costs and expenses necessary for: (1) The care and maintenance of neglected animals within the person's custody or ownership; (2) The disposal of any dead or diseased animals within the person's custody or ownership; (3) The reduction of resulting organic debris affecting the immediate area of the neglect;
Full Breakdown
RSMo 578.009 makes it an offense to have custody of an animal and fail to provide adequate care, or knowingly abandon an animal without arrangements for its care. First convictions are class C misdemeanors and subsequent offenses class B misdemeanors. RSMo 578.012 covers intentional abuse, escalating to a class E felony for torture or repeat offenses. Courts may order restitution for shelter and veterinary costs and forfeiture of animals. Missouri's adequate-care standard (RSMo 578.005) applies statewide and supplies the minimum baseline that local hoarding ordinances must meet or exceed.
Violations & Penalties
First neglect offense: class C misdemeanor (up to $500). Repeat: class B misdemeanor (up to $1,000). Aggravated abuse: class E felony with cost recovery and forfeiture.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Missouri have a specific animal hoarding law?
Can a court order animal forfeiture in hoarding cases?
Sources
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