North Carolina Habitability and Repair Standards

N.C. Gen. Stat. § 42-42 requires the landlord to comply with applicable building and housing codes and to "make all repairs and do whatever is necessary to put and keep the premises in a fit and habitable condition." The landlord must keep common areas safe, maintain electrical, plumbing, sanitary, heating and air-conditioning facilities in good working order, and provide operable smoke and carbon monoxide alarms. Imminently dangerous conditions must be repaired within a reasonable time. Under § 42-44 these duties are enforceable by civil action, but § 42-44(c) states a tenant "may not unilaterally withhold rent prior to a judicial determination of a right to do so."

Tenants may sue for rent abatement, repair costs, or damages under § 42-44. A landlord who fails to maintain fit premises may also face local housing-code enforcement; there is no fixed statutory fine in Chapter 42.