Skip to main content
CityRuleLookup

South Dakota Statewide Rule

South Dakota Agricultural Zoning and County Authority

Some RestrictionsApplies statewide across South Dakota (2026)

Key Facts

Zoning
SDCL 11-2 grants county zoning authority
Dimensions
CAFO setbacks set in local ordinances
Zoning
Right to Farm limits zoning reach
Zoning
Townships also have zoning powers
Permit
DANR oversees livestock permits
Last verified: September 5, 2026Source: South Dakota Legislature

Summary

South Dakota counties zone agricultural land under SDCL 11-2, balancing local control with state Right to Farm protections that limit zoning's ability to restrict farms.

No agricultural operation or any of its appurtenances may be deemed to be a nuisance, private or public, by any changed conditions in the locality of the operation or its appurtenances, after the operation has been in existence for more than one year, if the operation was not a nuisance at the time the operation began. Any agricultural operation protected pursuant to this section may reasonably expand its operation, without losing its protected status, if all county, municipal, state, and federal environmental codes, laws, and regulations are met by the agricultural operation. The protected status of an agricultural operation, once acquired, is assignable, alienable, and inheritable. The protected status of an agricultural operation, once acquired, may not be waived by the temporary cessation of farming, by diminishing the size of the operation, or by a change in the type of feeding operation or crop produced. This section does not apply if a nuisance results from the negligent or improper operation of an agricultural operation or its appurtenances.

Source: South Dakota LegislatureView official code

Full Breakdown

SDCL 11-2 grants counties authority to adopt comprehensive plans and zoning ordinances, including agricultural districts, setbacks for confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs), and conditional use permits. Zoning must align with state Right to Farm protections in SDCL 21-10-25.2 and the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources rules for livestock operations. Townships have parallel zoning authority under SDCL 11-2 and must coordinate with county comprehensive plans.

Violations & Penalties

Zoning violations can result in stop-work orders, fines, and injunctions; CAFO violations also trigger state environmental enforcement and permit revocation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can South Dakota counties zone farms out of agriculture?
No. Right to Farm protections and SDCL 11-2 require zoning to accommodate established agricultural operations and avoid arbitrary restrictions.
Do CAFOs need a conditional use permit?
Often yes. County zoning ordinances typically require conditional use permits with setback, manure management, and odor control standards for CAFOs.

Sources

See something wrong?

Help us keep this page accurate. If you notice an error or outdated information, let us know.