South Dakota Statewide Rule
South Dakota Agricultural Zoning and County Authority
Key Facts
- Zoning
- SDCL 11-2 grants county zoning authority
- Dimensions
- CAFO setbacks set in local ordinances
- Zoning
- Right to Farm limits zoning reach
- Zoning
- Townships also have zoning powers
- Permit
- DANR oversees livestock permits
Summary
South Dakota counties zone agricultural land under SDCL 11-2, balancing local control with state Right to Farm protections that limit zoning's ability to restrict farms.
No agricultural operation or any of its appurtenances may be deemed to be a nuisance, private or public, by any changed conditions in the locality of the operation or its appurtenances, after the operation has been in existence for more than one year, if the operation was not a nuisance at the time the operation began. Any agricultural operation protected pursuant to this section may reasonably expand its operation, without losing its protected status, if all county, municipal, state, and federal environmental codes, laws, and regulations are met by the agricultural operation. The protected status of an agricultural operation, once acquired, is assignable, alienable, and inheritable. The protected status of an agricultural operation, once acquired, may not be waived by the temporary cessation of farming, by diminishing the size of the operation, or by a change in the type of feeding operation or crop produced. This section does not apply if a nuisance results from the negligent or improper operation of an agricultural operation or its appurtenances.
Full Breakdown
SDCL 11-2 grants counties authority to adopt comprehensive plans and zoning ordinances, including agricultural districts, setbacks for confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs), and conditional use permits. Zoning must align with state Right to Farm protections in SDCL 21-10-25.2 and the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources rules for livestock operations. Townships have parallel zoning authority under SDCL 11-2 and must coordinate with county comprehensive plans.
Violations & Penalties
Zoning violations can result in stop-work orders, fines, and injunctions; CAFO violations also trigger state environmental enforcement and permit revocation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can South Dakota counties zone farms out of agriculture?
Do CAFOs need a conditional use permit?
Sources
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