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San Antonio, TX Building Safety: Carbon Monoxide Detectors (2026)

Some Restrictions
Compiled from the official code textEditor Martyn O'NeillLast verified August 2026

Key Facts

New buildings
CO detection required, Sec. 915.1.1
Existing R-2 retrofit
Required if shared fuel-burning appliance
Retrofit deadline
October 1, 2019
Interconnection
Required unless listed wireless alarms
Enforcing agency
SAFD Fire Prevention Division
Max fine
$2,000 per day, Sec. 1-5

Summary

San Antonio's Fire Code, Sec. 11-40 amending Section 915.4, requires carbon monoxide detection in new buildings and points existing buildings to Section 1103.9. Under Section 1103.9.1, existing Group R-2 apartments with fuel-burning appliances serving multiple units had until October 1, 2019 to retrofit CO alarms.

915.4 General. Carbon monoxide (CO) detection shall be installed in new buildings in accordance with Section 915.1.1. Carbon monoxide detection shall be installed in existing buildings in accordance with Section 1103.9. ... 1103.9.1 Carbon monoxide alarms in existing R-2 occupancies. Carbon monoxide alarms shall be installed in all existing Group R-2 dwelling units and sleeping units where any of the following conditions apply: 1.If the code that was in effect at the time of construction required carbon monoxide detectors to be provided.2.Dwelling units and sleeping units located in buildings that contain fuel-burning appliances servicing multiple dwelling units or sleeping units. Dwelling units and sleeping units shall have one year from October 1, 2018 to comply with the Carbon Monoxide Alarms retrofit requirements.

Full Breakdown

The City of San Antonio adopted the 2024 International Fire Code through Sec. 9. 1, targets existing Group R-2 occupancies, meaning apartment buildings and other multifamily dwelling and sleeping units. A retrofit is required if either the code in effect when the building was constructed already called for CO detectors, or the unit sits in a building with fuel-burning appliances serving more than one dwelling or sleeping unit. Owners had one year from October 1, 2018, a compliance deadline of October 1, 2019, to install the required alarms.

Where the original construction code required alarms, they must meet that code's standard; where it did not, battery-operated or plug-in CO alarms are permitted, including combination smoke/CO units, and battery-only alarms are allowed where a unit is not served by commercial power. 4 requires that where more than one carbon monoxide alarm is installed, the alarms must be interconnected so one activation triggers all alarms in the dwelling or sleeping unit, unless the alarms are listed wireless units that already sound together. 5 satisfies the requirement, and CO detection is not required in an individual unit where an electric or sealed-battery CO alarm already sits in the room housing the shared fuel-burning appliance and in the units immediately adjacent to it. The San Antonio Fire Department's Fire Prevention Division enforces the International Fire Code under Section 11-34.

Violations & Fines

Fire Code violations fall under Chapter 11, which Section 1-5 of the City Code exempts from the standard $500 cap: violations of chapters 5, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17 and others carry a fine of up to $2,000, and each day a violation continues is a separate offense. The Fire Prevention Division, under Section 11-34, inspects and enforces compliance, including the CO alarm retrofit deadline for existing Group R-2 buildings.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which buildings must retrofit carbon monoxide alarms in San Antonio?
Under Section 1103.9.1, existing Group R-2 dwelling units and sleeping units must add CO alarms if the code in effect at construction already required them, or if the building has fuel-burning appliances serving multiple units. The compliance window ran one year from October 1, 2018, making October 1, 2019 the retrofit deadline.
Can carbon monoxide alarms be battery-operated in San Antonio?
Yes, where the original construction code did not require CO alarms, Section 1103.9.1 permits solely battery-operated or plug-in alarms, including combination smoke/CO units, and battery-only alarms are allowed where a unit is not served by commercial power.
Do multiple carbon monoxide alarms in a unit have to be interconnected?
Section 915.4.4 requires that when more than one CO alarm is installed, they must be interconnected so activating one sounds all alarms in the dwelling or sleeping unit. Listed wireless alarms that already sound together when one activates satisfy this requirement without physical wiring between units.
What happens if a San Antonio landlord ignores the CO alarm rule?
Fire Code violations under Chapter 11 are punishable by a fine of up to $2,000 per Section 1-5 of the City Code, and each day the violation continues counts as a separate offense, so an unresolved retrofit can generate repeated citations from the Fire Prevention Division.

Sources & Official References

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