Whatcom County, WA Environmental Rules: Flood Elevation Requirements (2026)
Key Facts
- Freeboard rule
- base flood elevation + 1 foot
- Permit required
- floodplain development permit, § 17.12.010
- Residential rule
- lowest floor, incl. basement, to FPE
- Nonresidential option
- dry floodproof to FPE, § 17.16.090
- Data source
- FEMA Flood Insurance Study, Jan. 18, 2019
- Default freeboard
- 2 ft above grade if no FEMA data
Summary
In Whatcom County's mapped special flood hazard areas, the flood protection elevation is base flood elevation plus one foot, and new or substantially improved residential structures must have their lowest floor, including basement, built to or above that line under WCC § 17.10.020(D) and § 17.16.080(A).
D. The flood protection elevation shall be the base flood elevation plus one foot. ... A. New construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure shall have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated to or above the flood protection elevation, as determined in accordance with WCC § 17.10.020(D).
Full Breakdown
Whatcom County adopted the FEMA Flood Insurance Study for Whatcom County (dated January 18, 2019) and its flood insurance rate maps by reference to fix special flood hazard area (SFHA) boundaries (WCC § 17.10.010). Within an SFHA, base flood elevation (the 100-year flood level) is set from the FIRM data, and the flood protection elevation (FPE) used for construction is that base flood elevation plus a one-foot freeboard (WCC § 17.10.020(A), (D)). Where FEMA has not mapped elevation data, the administrator gathers the best available federal, state or local data, and if none exists the FPE defaults to two feet above the highest adjacent grade (WCC § 17.10.020(F)).
Before any construction or development begins in an SFHA, a floodplain development permit is required from the department of public works or planning and development services (WCC § 17.12.010). New construction and substantial improvement of residential structures must have the lowest floor, including any basement, elevated to or above the FPE (WCC § 17.16.080(A)); fully enclosed space below that line must either be free of obstruction or built with flood vents meeting a one-square-inch-per-square-foot opening ratio (WCC § 17.16.080(B)). Nonresidential buildings may instead be dry floodproofed watertight to the FPE with a licensed engineer's certification (WCC § 17.16.090).
Coastal V and VE zone structures must be elevated on pilings so the lowest horizontal structural member clears the FPE (WCC § 17.16 provisions on coastal high hazard areas). Applicants who cannot meet these standards may seek a variance, but any variance grant comes with written notice that flood insurance costs will rise because of the reduced elevation.
Violations & Fines
No structure or land may be constructed, extended, converted or altered in an SFHA without full compliance with Title 17 and a floodplain development permit (WCC § 17.04.080, § 17.12.010). Building below the required flood protection elevation without an approved variance exposes the owner to higher federal flood insurance premiums and can make a structure ineligible for standard-rate NFIP coverage. An administrator's interpretation of SFHA boundaries or a permit decision may be appealed to the Whatcom County hearing examiner (WCC § 17.10.010(B), § 17.12.060).
Frequently Asked Questions
How high above base flood elevation must I build in Whatcom County's floodplain?
Do I need a permit before building in a Whatcom County flood hazard area?
Can a commercial building floodproof instead of elevating in Whatcom County?
What if FEMA hasn't mapped a base flood elevation for my Whatcom County property?
Sources & Official References
Other rules in Whatcom County
Compare Whatcom County to another location·View the Washington environmental rules overview
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