Retaining walls in NYC are regulated under the NYC Building Code (Title 28) and require DOB permits when exceeding certain height thresholds. Walls over 4 feet require professional engineering and DOB approval. NYC has seen increased enforcement since building collapses related to retaining wall failures.
The NYC Building Code requires a DOB work permit for retaining walls that exceed 4 feet in height or that support a surcharge (such as a driveway or structure above). Retaining walls must be designed by a licensed Professional Engineer (PE) and comply with ASCE 7 load standards as adopted by NYC. In hillside areas of Staten Island, the Bronx, and Upper Manhattan, retaining walls are particularly critical due to steep terrain. The DOB Excavation and Foundation unit reviews plans for walls that affect adjacent properties. Property owners are responsible for maintaining retaining walls on their property, and failure to maintain them can result in emergency repair orders under Admin Code §28-216.1. DOB Special Inspections are required during construction for walls over 10 feet.
Work without a permit: $10,000–$25,000 fine per DOB violation schedule. Failure to maintain a retaining wall posing a safety hazard: emergency repair order with costs billed to owner. Unsafe building violation can result in vacate orders.
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