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Tempe, AZ Building Safety: Carbon Monoxide Detectors (2026)

Some Restrictions
Compiled from the official code textEditor Martyn O'NeillLast verified September 2026

Key Facts

Governing section
IRC § R311.6 (Tempe amendment)
Power source
Hardwired with battery backup
Battery-only exception
No commercial power available
Enforcing agency
Tempe Building Safety Division
Max fine
$2,500 or 6 months jail
Adopted with
2024 IRC, Ord. No. O2026.24

Summary

Tempe's amendment to Section R311.6 of its adopted 2024 International Residential Code requires carbon monoxide alarms in dwellings to draw primary power from the building's wiring, with battery backup only, not battery power alone. The Tempe Building Safety Division checks this at the permit and inspection stage for new construction and qualifying remodels.

R311.6 Power source. Carbon monoxide alarms shall receive their primary power from the building wiring where such wiring is served from a commercial source and, where primary power is interrupted, shall receive power from a battery. Wiring shall be permanent and without a disconnecting switch other than those required for overcurrent protection. Exceptions: 1.Carbon monoxide alarms shall be permitted to be battery operated where installed in buildings without commercial power.2.Carbon monoxide alarms installed in accordance with Section R311.2.2 shall be permitted to be battery powered where alteration or repairs do not result in the removal of interior wall or ceiling finishes unless there is an attic or crawl space or basement available which could provide access for hardwiring of smoke alarms.

View official code

Official source re-checked September 7, 2026: no newer edition of the code had been published (publisher’s edition: City Code: Supplement 33 Update 4 | Zoning and Development Code: Supplement 11 Update 2).

Full Breakdown

6 is the city's own rule on how carbon monoxide alarms must be powered. It requires that a CO alarm receive its primary power from the building's electrical wiring wherever that wiring is fed from a commercial power source, switching to battery power only when the primary circuit is interrupted. The wiring feeding the alarm has to be permanent and cannot have any disconnecting switch besides the breaker or fuse protecting the circuit from overcurrent, so the alarm cannot be shut off at a wall switch.

Two exceptions exist. A CO alarm may run on battery power alone if the building has no commercial electric service at all. 2 can also keep an existing battery-only CO alarm if the work does not remove interior wall or ceiling finishes, unless an attic, crawl space or basement is open and accessible for running new wiring, in which case hardwiring becomes mandatory again. The Tempe Building Safety Division verifies this at the permit and final-inspection stage for new single-family and two-family dwellings, additions, and any remodel that opens wall or ceiling cavities near fuel-burning appliances or attached garages.

Because the requirement lives in the adopted residential building code rather than the fire code, compliance is checked when a permit is pulled and inspected, not through routine inspections of homes already occupied. 6, adopted in the same ordinance.

Violations & Fines

Installing a carbon monoxide alarm on battery power alone without qualifying for an exception is a Tempe City Code violation. Because the building code sets no separate penalty for this section, the general Chapter 1 penalty in Section 1-7 applies: a fine up to $2,500, imprisonment up to six months, or a civil sanction capped at $500, with each day the violation continues charged as a separate offense. The Building Safety Division can withhold final inspection sign-off until the wiring is corrected.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does Tempe require carbon monoxide alarms to be hardwired?
Yes, under Section R311.6 of the adopted 2024 International Residential Code. The alarm must run on the building's electrical wiring with battery backup, and the wiring cannot have a disconnect switch other than the breaker protecting it from overcurrent, except in the two narrow situations the code allows battery-only alarms.
When can I use a battery-only carbon monoxide alarm in Tempe?
Only if the building has no commercial electric service, or if you are altering or repairing an existing alarm under Section R311.2.2 without removing interior wall or ceiling finishes, and there is no accessible attic, crawl space or basement to run new wiring for a hardwired unit.
Who enforces the carbon monoxide alarm rule in Tempe?
The Tempe Building Safety Division checks compliance with Section R311.6 during the building permit and inspection process for new construction, additions and qualifying remodels. A code violation falls under the general penalty in Tempe City Code Section 1-7, which allows a fine up to $2,500 or six months in jail.

Sources & Official References

Other rules in Tempe

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