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Tennessee Statewide Rule

Tennessee Exotic and Wild Animal Possession Rules

Heavy RestrictionsApplies statewide across Tennessee (2026)

Key Facts

Statute
T.C.A. 70-4-401 et seq.
Class I ban
Big cats, bears, apes
Class II permit
TWRA approval required
Penalty
Class A misdemeanor
Last verified: September 5, 2026Source: Justia Law

Summary

Tennessee classifies wild animals into five classes under TWRA rules and prohibits private possession of Class I species like big cats and great apes statewide, regardless of city ordinance.

Live wildlife, kept and maintained for any purpose, shall be classified in the following five (5) classes: (1) Class I - This class includes all species inherently dangerous to humans. These species may only be possessed by zoos, circuses and commercial propagators, except as otherwise provided in this part. The commission, in conjunction with the commissioner of agriculture, may add or delete species from the list of Class I wildlife by promulgating rules and regulations. The following is a listing of animals considered inherently dangerous: (A) Mammals: (i) Primates - Gorillas, orangutans, chimpanzees, gibbons, siamangs, mandrills, drills, baboons, Gelada baboons; (ii) Carnivores: (a) Wolves - All species; (b) Bears - All species; and (c) Lions, tigers, leopards, jaguars, cheetahs, cougars - All species; (iii) Order Proboscidia: Elephants - All species; (iv) Order Perissodactyla: Rhinoceroses - All species; and (v) Order Artiodactyla: Hippopotamus, African buffalo; (B) Reptiles: (i) Order Crocodylia: Crocodiles and alligators - All species; and (ii) Order Serpentes: Snakes - All venomous species; and (C) Amphibians: All poisonous species; (2) Class II - This class includes native species, except those listed in other classes;

Full Breakdown

T.C.A. 70-4-401 through 70-4-404 and TWRA Rule 1660-01-18 divide wildlife into Class I (inherently dangerous), Class II (native species), and Class III (no permit needed). Class I species - including lions, tigers, bears, gorillas, and venomous reptiles - cannot be privately possessed except by zoos, sanctuaries, and pre-1991 grandfathered owners. Class II requires a TWRA permit. This statewide framework operates regardless of municipal pet rules.

Violations & Penalties

Class A misdemeanor for unlawful Class I possession; fines up to $2,500 plus animal seizure and forfeiture.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can Tennessee residents own a tiger or monkey?
No. Class I wildlife including tigers, lions, bears, and non-human primates cannot be privately possessed in Tennessee under T.C.A. 70-4-403, except by licensed exhibitors and sanctuaries.
Does a city need to ban exotic pets separately?
No. The state Class I prohibition applies statewide. Cities may add stricter rules, but they cannot authorize possession the state forbids.

Sources

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