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Spotsylvania County, VA Data Centers & Crypto Mining: Data Center Moratoriums (2026)

Significant Restrictions
Compiled from the official code textEditor Martyn O'NeillLast verified September 2026

Key Facts

Moratorium status
None; only a 2026 support resolution
Water rule
No potable water for permanent cooling
Governing section
County Code § 22-47
C-3 zoning status
Special use permit required
Appeal window
30 days to board of supervisors
SUP ordinance date
Ord. No. 23-190, Dec. 9, 2025

Summary

Spotsylvania County has not adopted a data center moratorium; instead County Code § 22-47 bars any data center or similar water user from using public potable source water for permanent cooling, and the director of utilities may impose added conditions on any water service applicant that threatens the county water system.

These county ordinances apply to unincorporated areas of Spotsylvania County. Incorporated cities within the county may have their own rules that take precedence over county-level regulations.

If the director of utilities determines that a proposed industrial, agricultural, commercial or domestic use of the county water system is reasonably likely to cause damage to or constitutes a hazard to the county water system, or negatively impacts build out of the County's primary settlement area, the director of utilities may impose reasonable conditions, designed to minimize impacts to the county water system, upon the applicant seeking water service. The conditions imposed may regulate quantity, type, and manner of use. ... Any data center or similar user of Spotsylvania County water shall not use public potable source water for permanent cooling water purposes. Temporary, supplemental, or emergency use of public potable source water for cooling purposes may be approved by the director of utilities if the director determines that such temporary, supplemental, or emergency use is consistent with the sound management of the county's water system. The director of utilities may limit the public potable water source used for such purposes based on time, volume, flow, or other metric, to maintain adequate water system conditions.

Full Breakdown

No countywide moratorium on data center construction is written into the code. What Spotsylvania County has enacted is a water-use restriction: § 22-47 lets the director of utilities impose reasonable conditions, regulating quantity, type and manner of use, on any industrial, agricultural, commercial or domestic applicant whose proposed use is reasonably likely to damage the water system or hurt build-out of the county's primary settlement area. The same section then singles out data centers by name: a data center or similar user may not draw on public potable source water for permanent cooling.

Temporary, supplemental or emergency potable water use for cooling needs the director's approval, and the director can cap that use by time, volume or flow, or shut it off entirely once it stops serving sound management of the water system. An applicant who disagrees with the director's decision has thirty days from that decision to file an appeal with the department of utilities, which goes to the board of supervisors. 3, rather than being a use permitted by right; that special-use listing was last amended by Ordinance No.

23-190 in December 2025, part of the same push toward heightened board scrutiny of new data center projects countywide. In August 2026 the board of supervisors voted to support a legislative call for a statewide moratorium, but that is a resolution directed at the General Assembly, not a local ordinance provision, so it creates no enforceable local ban.

Violations & Fines

The code does not set a fine schedule specific to data centers; the water-use limit is enforced through the permitting process itself. The director of utilities can refuse or condition a water service application under § 22-47, and can terminate any temporary or emergency potable-water cooling allowance already granted once it no longer suits sound management of the water system. In the C-3 zoning district, operating a data center without the required special use permit is treated like any other zoning violation, enforceable under the county's general zoning enforcement provisions.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does Spotsylvania County ban new data centers?
No. There is no moratorium or outright ban in the county code. The board of supervisors voted in August 2026 to support a call for the state to impose a moratorium, but that is a resolution to Richmond, not an enforceable local rule.
Can a data center use county tap water to cool its servers?
Not for permanent cooling. County Code § 22-47 bars any data center or similar water user from using public potable source water for permanent cooling; only temporary, supplemental or emergency use is allowed, and only with the utilities director's approval.
What if the director of utilities denies a data center's water application?
The applicant can appeal within thirty days of the decision by filing a request with the department of utilities, which the board of supervisors then decides, under County Code § 22-47.
Do data centers need special zoning approval in Spotsylvania County?
In the Commercial 3 highway district, a Data Center is listed as a special use under § 23-6.19.3, meaning it needs board of supervisors approval rather than being allowed to build by right.

Sources & Official References

Other rules in Spotsylvania County

All Spotsylvania County rules

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