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Montgomery County, VA Environmental Rules: Flood Elevation Requirements (2026)

Some Restrictions
Compiled from the official code textEditor Martyn O'NeillLast verified September 2026

Key Facts

Freeboard required
1 foot above base flood elevation
Covers
New construction and substantial improvements
Floodproofing option
Nonresidential only, engineer-certified
Manufactured home piers
36+ inches above grade minimum
Proof required
Recorded elevation certificate before occupancy
Governing section
Zoning § 10-37, Art. III § 3.3

Summary

In Montgomery County outside Blacksburg and Christiansburg, new or substantially improved buildings in a mapped special flood hazard area must have their lowest floor, basement included, set at least one foot above the base flood elevation; commercial and industrial buildings may floodproof to that level instead of elevating, with an engineer's certification.

These county ordinances apply to unincorporated areas of Montgomery County. Incorporated cities within the county may have their own rules that take precedence over county-level regulations.

Residential Construction. New construction or substantial improvement of any residential structure (including manufactured homes) shall have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated no lower than one (1) foot above the base flood elevation. ... Nonresidential construction. New construction or substantial improvement of any commercial, industrial, or nonresidential building (or manufactured home) shall have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated to no lower than one (1) foot above the base flood elevation. Buildings located in all A 1-30, AE, and AH zones may be floodproofed in lieu of being elevated provided that all areas of the building components below the elevation corresponding to the BFE plus one (1) foot are watertight with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water, and use structural components having the capability of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and the effect of buoyancy. A registered professional engineer or architect shall certify that the standards of this subsection are satisfied.

Full Breakdown

3 sets the county's one-foot freeboard standard above whatever base flood elevation applies to the parcel, for both residential structures, including manufactured homes, and nonresidential buildings. Nonresidential buildings in A1-30, AE and AH zones get an alternative: full floodproofing to base flood elevation plus one foot, with every wall below that line watertight and able to resist hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads, certified by a registered professional engineer or architect. Elevated buildings with enclosed space below the flood protection elevation cannot be used for human habitation, only parking, building access or limited storage, and must carry flood vents sized at one square inch of opening per square foot of enclosed area, with the lowest opening no higher than one foot above grade.

Manufactured homes need a permanent foundation on reinforced piers at least thirty-six inches above grade, anchored per the Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code, plus their own elevation certificate. Recreational vehicles are exempt only if they stay under one hundred eighty consecutive days, remain licensed and wheel-ready, or otherwise meet the full manufactured-home standard. All required elevation data must be recorded on a certificate completed by a licensed surveyor, engineer or architect and filed with the circuit court clerk before the county will issue an occupancy certificate.

Violations & Fines

Freeboard failures fall under the same Sec. 10-52 enforcement as the rest of the zoning chapter: a notice of violation with a correction deadline, then criminal prosecution as a Class 2 misdemeanor punishable by up to $1,000 per offense (each day a separate offense), or a civil citation of $200 for the first summons and $500 for each later one, capped at $5,000. The zoning administrator can also withhold the occupancy certificate until the recorded elevation certificate confirms the freeboard was met.

Frequently Asked Questions

How far above the base flood elevation must a new house be built in Montgomery County outside Blacksburg and Christiansburg?
At least one foot. Section 3.3 requires the lowest floor, including any basement, of new or substantially improved residential construction to sit no lower than one foot above the base flood elevation shown on the FEMA study for the site.
Can a commercial building be floodproofed instead of elevated?
Yes, in A1-30, AE and AH zones. The building's components below base flood elevation plus one foot must be watertight and able to resist flood forces, and a registered professional engineer or architect must certify the design meets that standard.
What openings does an elevated garage or crawlspace need?
At least two openings on different sides, totaling one square inch of net area per square foot of enclosed space subject to flooding, with the lowest opening no higher than one foot above the adjacent grade, per Section 3.3's flood-vent standard.

Sources & Official References

Other rules in Montgomery County

All Montgomery County rules

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