California law guarantees the right to operate small family child care homes (up to 8 children) in any residential zone, and San Marcos may not prohibit them through zoning. Small family daycare homes serving up to 8 children require a license from the California Department of Social Services. Large family child care homes serving up to 14 children require both a state license and may require a city use permit.
California Health and Safety Code Section 1597.45 establishes that small family child care homes (serving up to 8 children) are a residential use of property and cities may not require use permits, impose additional regulations, or prohibit them in residential zones. San Marcos must allow these operations by right. Operators need a license from the California Department of Social Services Community Care Licensing Division, which includes background checks, facility inspections, and compliance with health and safety standards. Large family child care homes (serving 9 to 14 children) also require a state license but may additionally need a conditional use permit or similar approval from the city. The city may impose reasonable conditions on large family daycare related to parking, drop-off and pick-up procedures, and hours of operation. All family child care homes must comply with fire safety standards including working smoke detectors, fire extinguishers, and emergency evacuation plans. Outdoor play areas must be fenced and supervised. The California Department of Social Services maintains a database of licensed child care facilities. San Marcos also participates in regional child care resource and referral services through the county.
Operating an unlicensed child care facility is a misdemeanor under California law. The state licensing division conducts inspections and may revoke licenses for health and safety violations. Operating a large family daycare without required city approvals may result in code enforcement action.
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