Virginia Statewide Rule

Virginia Statewide Swimming Pool Barrier Requirements

Heavy RestrictionsApplies statewide across Virginia (2026)

Key Facts

Min Barrier Height: 48 inches above grade
Max Opening: Less than 4 inches
Gate Requirement: Self-closing, self-latching
Authority: USBC, Va. Code 36-99
Latch Height: 54 inches minimum

Last verified: August 21, 2026Source: Virginia Legislative Information System

Summary

The Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code requires a 48-inch barrier around residential swimming pools and spas, preempting local pool fencing rules statewide.

Any locality may adopt ordinances making it unlawful for any person to construct, maintain, use, possess or control any pool on any property in such locality, without having a fence completely around such swimming pool. Such ordinances also may provide that every gate in such fence shall be capable of being securely fastened at a height of not less than four feet above ground level; that it shall be unlawful for any such gate to be allowed to remain unfastened while the pool is not in use; and that such fence shall be constructed so as to come within two inches of the ground at the bottom and shall be at least five feet from the edge of the pool at any point.

Source: Virginia Legislative Information SystemView official code

Full Breakdown

Under Va. Code Section 36-99 and the USBC (13 VAC 5-63), barriers around residential pools and spas deeper than 24 inches must be at least 48 inches above grade on the side facing away from the pool. Openings cannot allow a 4-inch sphere to pass. Vertical clearance under the barrier cannot exceed 2 inches over uneven ground or 4 inches over solid surfaces. Pedestrian gates must open outward, self-close, and self-latch with the latch at least 54 inches above grade. The pool side of the barrier must be at least 20 inches from water's edge. The USBC supersedes conflicting local ordinances on pool barrier construction.

Violations & Penalties

Building code violation; stop-work orders, daily fines, and certificate of occupancy denial under USBC enforcement.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can my Virginia town require a taller pool fence than 48 inches?

No. The USBC sets the binding statewide standard. Local building officials enforce it but cannot adopt stricter pool barrier height rules under Va. Code 36-98.

Does the rule apply to above-ground pools?

Yes, when the pool holds water deeper than 24 inches. Above-ground pool walls 48 inches tall can serve as the barrier if access ladders are removable or lockable.

Sources

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