California Food & Agricultural Code §31683 preempts any city or county from banning or regulating dogs on the basis of breed. Lodi follows a behavior-based dangerous-dog framework under Title 6, but it does use the state's narrow exception allowing breed-specific mandatory spay/neuter for pit bulls.
Under California Food and Agricultural Code §31683, 'no program regulating any dog shall be specific as to breed' — California cities and counties are preempted from enacting breed-specific bans, restrictions, or dangerous-dog designations. The only exception, added by 2005 amendments, allows local governments to adopt breed-specific mandatory spay/neuter and breeding-permit programs (Cal. Food & Ag. Code §§31683 and 122331). The City of Lodi regulates dogs by behavior under Title 6 of the Lodi Municipal Code: any individual dog (regardless of breed) may be declared potentially dangerous or vicious under the state framework in Cal. Food & Ag. Code §§31601–31683 if it bites, threatens, or injures a person or animal without provocation, and a vicious-dog hearing can result in restrictions or euthanasia. Lodi does use the narrow §31683 spay/neuter exception: it requires mandatory spaying or neutering of pit bulls (Staffordshire bull terrier, American pit bull terrier, American Staffordshire terrier, and mixes containing those breeds) under Title 6, with limited exceptions for licensed breeders and show dogs.
There is no general breed ban — owning any breed (including pit bulls, Rottweilers, German shepherds, etc.) is legal in Lodi. Violations occur only if (a) a specific dog is adjudicated dangerous or vicious under Cal. Food & Ag. Code §§31601–31683 after a hearing, or (b) an unaltered pit bull is kept without a qualifying exemption under Lodi's mandatory spay/neuter ordinance. Dangerous-dog hearings can result in mandatory confinement, muzzling, liability insurance, or destruction of the animal. Contact Lodi Animal Services at 209-333-6741.
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