Durham, NC Landscaping Rules: Tree Removal & Heritage Trees (2026)

Durham's tree removal regulations are primarily governed by Unified Development Ordinance Section 8.3 (Tree Protection and Tree Coverage). The ordinance focuses on preserving existing tree cover during development and redevelopment activities. Trees measuring six inches DBH or greater trigger coverage requirements on development sites. Major specimen trees, defined under UDO Sec. 8.3.5 as any evergreen canopy tree 18 inches DBH or greater or any deciduous canopy tree 12 inches DBH or greater, receive enhanced protection and should be prioritized for retention in site design. When protected trees must be removed during development, replacement plantings are required under Sec. 8.3.1.E, and at least 50 percent of replacement trees must be hardwood canopy species native to the North Carolina Piedmont region. The most severe penalty for unauthorized tree removal is site plan denial for 3 years, extending to 5 years if the violation is determined to be willful under Sec. 8.3.4.B. For homeowners removing trees on existing residential lots outside of a development permit, Durham does not generally require a removal permit unless the tree is in the public right-of-way, within a recorded buffer or stream protection area, or in a historic district subject to the Historic Preservation Commission. Trees in the public right-of-way always require Urban Forestry Division approval. Dead, diseased, or hazardous trees may be removed without the same constraints, though documentation is recommended. Storm-damaged tree removal should be reported to the City. Durham residents can contact Urban Forestry at (919) 560-1200 for guidance on whether a specific tree requires a permit.