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Massachusetts Statewide Rule

Massachusetts Prohibits Breed-Specific Dog Restrictions

Few RestrictionsApplies statewide across Massachusetts (2026)

Key Facts

Statute
M.G.L. c. 140 §157
Effective
October 31, 2012
Preemption
Total breed-ban preemption
Standard
Individual behavior only
Last verified: August 20, 2026Source: Massachusetts General Court

Summary

Massachusetts state law expressly preempts municipalities from regulating dogs based on breed. Local breed-specific bans are void under state statute.

Section 157: Nuisance or dangerous dogs; orders for remedial action; appeal; violation of order Section 157. (a) Any person may file a complaint in writing to the hearing authority that a dog owned or kept in the city or town is a nuisance dog or a dangerous dog; provided, however, that no dog shall be deemed dangerous: (i) solely based upon growling or barking or solely growling and barking; (ii) based upon the breed of the dog; or (iii) if the dog was reacting to another animal or to a person and the dog's reaction was not grossly disproportionate to any of the following circumstances: (1) the dog was protecting or defending itself, its offspring, another domestic animal or a person from attack or assault; (2) the person who was attacked or threatened by the dog was committing a crime upon the person or property of the owner or keeper of the dog; (3) the person attacked or threatened by the dog was engaged in teasing, tormenting, battering, assaulting, injuring or otherwise provoking the dog; or (4) at the time of the attack or threat, the person or animal that was attacked or threatened by the dog had breached an enclosure or structure in which the dog was kept apart from the public and such person or animal was not authorized by the owner of the premises to be within such enclosure including, but not limited to, a gated, fenced-in area if the gate was closed, whether locked or unlocked;

Source: Massachusetts General CourtView official code

Full Breakdown

M.G.L. Chapter 140 Section 157 was amended in 2012 to prohibit municipalities from regulating dogs in a manner that is specific to breed. No city or town may declare a dog dangerous solely because of its breed. Dangerous dog determinations must be made based on individual behavior. This preemption is absolute statewide, voiding any pre-existing local breed bans.

Violations & Penalties

Local breed-specific ordinances are unenforceable. Municipalities enforcing breed bans face legal challenges and statutory invalidation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can Massachusetts cities ban pit bulls or other specific breeds?
No. Since 2012, M.G.L. c. 140 §157 prohibits any Massachusetts municipality from regulating dogs based on breed. Local breed bans are void.
How are dangerous dogs handled in Massachusetts?
Dangerous dog hearings must be based on the individual dog's specific behavior, not breed. Hearing officers evaluate bite history and threat level case-by-case.

Sources

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