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Ohio Statewide Rule

Ohio Eliminated Pit Bull Breed-Specific Designations

Heavy RestrictionsApplies statewide across Ohio (2026)

Key Facts

Statute
ORC 955.11, 955.22
Pit Bull Status
Not auto-vicious since 2012
Insurance Required
$100,000 (HB 247, eff. 2026)
Cities Can Restrict
Yes home rule
Last verified: September 5, 2026Source: Ohio Laws & Administrative Rules

Summary

Ohio repealed automatic pit bull dangerous classification in 2012, requiring individual behavioral assessment statewide, though cities retain home rule to enact breed restrictions.

(B) If a dog warden or other authorized person has probable cause to believe that a dog in the person's jurisdiction committed a nuisance dog act, dangerous dog act, or vicious dog act, the person shall proceed as follows: (1)(a) If the dog warden or other authorized person determines that it is safe to have that dog remain in the custody of the dog's owner, keeper, or harborer and the dog's act did not result in the killing of a person or serious injury to a person, the dog warden or authorized person may designate the dog as a nuisance dog, dangerous dog, or vicious dog. Upon such designation, the dog warden or other authorized person shall notify the owner, keeper, or harborer of that dog, by certified mail or in person, of both of the following: (i) That the dog warden or other authorized person has designated the dog a nuisance dog, dangerous dog, or vicious dog, as applicable; (ii) That the owner, keeper, or harborer of the dog may request a hearing regarding the designation in accordance with this section.

Source: Ohio Laws & Administrative RulesView official code

Full Breakdown

Effective May 22, 2012, Ohio HB 14 amended ORC 955.11 to remove pit bulls from the automatic vicious dog category. Dogs are now classified individually as nuisance, dangerous, or vicious based on documented behavior such as biting, chasing, or causing serious injury. Owners of dogs designated dangerous must register annually and keep the dog securely confined or leashed under ORC 955.22, and Avery's Law (HB 247, effective March 18, 2026) requires at least $100,000 in liability insurance for designated dogs. While the state no longer presumes any breed dangerous, Ohio's home rule doctrine allows cities like Lakewood to enact local pit bull restrictions, though many have repealed them.

Violations & Penalties

Failing to control a designated dangerous or vicious dog is a first-degree misdemeanor or fourth-degree felony, with fines up to $5,000 and possible imprisonment.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are pit bulls banned in Ohio?
Not by state law. Ohio removed automatic vicious classification in 2012. However, individual cities may enact breed-specific bans or restrictions under home rule authority.
What insurance must dangerous dog owners carry?
Avery's Law (HB 247), effective March 18, 2026, requires owners of dogs designated dangerous or vicious to maintain at least $100,000 in liability insurance covering injury caused by the dog.

Sources

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