Virginia HOA Board: Open Meetings & Records (Va. Code §§ 55.1-1816, 55.1-1815)

Section 55.1-1816 provides that "all meetings of the board of directors ... shall be open to all members of record," forbids using work sessions to evade the rule, and lets "any member ... record any portion of a meeting that is required to be open." The board may enter executive session only for narrow matters such as personnel, legal advice, contracts, or litigation, and only after an open vote stating the purpose; no executive-session action is effective until the board reconvenes in open session and votes. Section 55.1-1815 lets members examine and copy records for "a proper purpose," on 5 business days' notice for professionally managed associations or 10 for self-managed ones, with costs capped at the actual cost of materials and labor.

No specific statutory penalty. Owners enforce these procedural rights through the governing documents and, if necessary, civil action; board actions taken without proper open-meeting procedure or records access can be challenged in court.