Livonia, MI Public Conduct: Loitering Rules (2026)

Section 9.40.010 defines the disorderly-persons offenses that give city police authority to arrest or cite for public-order violations. Subsection C, titled Loitering, lists five distinct grounds separate from the aggressive-solicitation provision in subsection C.4: (1) loitering in or frequenting a house of prostitution, a place where lewdness is practiced, or a place where illegal gambling occurs; (2) loitering in or about a police station, police headquarters, courthouse or other public building without lawful purpose for the purpose of soliciting legal business or bail-bond work, after refusing to leave when instructed; (3) being a vagrant, with no further statutory definition supplied in this section; (5) jostling or roughly crowding people unnecessarily in a public place; and (6) loitering in a hotel, motel, place of public resort, or anywhere liquor is sold, stored or furnished, after refusing to leave when instructed to do so.

Several of these grounds, C.2 and C.6, require a prior refusal to leave after an instruction, meaning police typically must warn a person before an arrest is supportable; C.1, C.3 and C.5 carry no such warning requirement and can be charged on the conduct alone. The chapter carries its own penalty clause, Section 9.40.060, rather than relying on the citywide default in Section 1.12.010, and the same chapter also separately prohibits disturbing religious meetings and public gatherings (Section 9.40.020) and loitering on school property (Section 9.40.050).