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Flagstaff, AZ Outdoor Lighting: Dark Sky Rules (2026)

Heavy Restrictions
Compiled from the official code textEditor Martyn O'NeillLast verified September 2026

Key Facts

Governing division
Zoning Code § 10-50.70
Dark sky designation
World's first, Oct. 24, 2001
Lighting zones
2, split at 2.5 mi from observatory
Mercury vapor fixtures
Banned unless pre-1950
Commercial lighting curfew
Off 30 min after closing
Violation status
Misdemeanor, separate offense per day

Summary

In the City of Flagstaff, the world's first International Dark Sky City, Division 10-50.70 requires fully or partially shielded outdoor light fixtures, bans unshielded lighting aimed above the horizontal, and outlaws mercury vapor fixtures citywide except those installed before 1950.

The City was recognized as the world’s first International Dark Sky City on October 24, 2001, for its pioneering development and implementation of lighting codes that balance the need to preserve Flagstaff’s dark sky resource with the need for safe outdoor lighting practices. ... ... C. Shielding. The standards provided in Table 10-50.70.050.C, Shielding Standards, shall apply: ... ... D. Effective Shielding. All Outdoor Light Fixtures that are required to be fully shielded shall be installed in such a manner that the shielding satisfies the definition of a Fully Shielded Light Fixture. ... ... N. Use of Mercury Vapor Outdoor Light Fixtures. Except for outdoor lighting systems erected prior to 1950, no mercury vapor Outdoor Light Fixtures are allowed within the City of Flagstaff.

Full Breakdown

Flagstaff earned recognition as the world's first International Dark Sky City on October 24, 2001, and Section 10-50.70.010 states the purpose of its outdoor lighting division: preserving the dark sky resource that its astronomical industry depends on, minimizing light pollution and light trespass across property lines, reducing energy use, and protecting nocturnal ecosystems, while still allowing safe outdoor lighting. The City is split into two lighting zones under Section 10-50.70.040, based on distance from the Kaj Strand telescope at the U.S. Naval Observatory: Lighting Zone 1 covers everything within two and one-half miles of the telescope and carries the tighter limits, while Lighting Zone 2 covers everything beyond that distance.

Every fixture is classified by function into Class 1 (color-critical lighting such as sales areas and outdoor eating areas, capped at 2,700 Kelvin), Class 2 (safety and security lighting, which must use narrow-spectrum amber LEDs), or Class 3 (decorative lighting). Table 10-50.70.050.C then dictates shielding by class, land use, and zone, and Section 10-50.70.050.D requires that any fixture the table marks as fully shielded actually satisfy the code's definition of a Fully Shielded Light Fixture, not merely a partial baffle. The division sets numeric ceilings on total light output per acre or per lot in Table 10-50.70.050.B, and Section 10-50.70.050.N bans mercury vapor fixtures outright anywhere in the City, except systems already erected before 1950. Commercial and industrial lighting, apart from approved Class 2 security lighting, must go dark no later than 30 minutes after the business closes.

Violations & Fines

Violating Division 10-50.70 is a misdemeanor under Section 10-50.70.100: installing or operating an Outdoor Light Fixture that does not comply is unlawful, and each day the noncompliant lighting continues counts as a separate offense. The division is enforced through Division 10-20.110's civil process, which fines a first violation not less than $100, a second within 36 months not less than $250, and a third not less than $500, with three civil violations in 24 months elevating the owner to habitual-offender status and a class one misdemeanor charge.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why does Flagstaff regulate outdoor lighting so closely?
Section 10-50.70.010 says the division exists because Flagstaff was recognized as the world's first International Dark Sky City on October 24, 2001, and the rules are meant to preserve that dark sky resource for the City's astronomical industry, cut light trespass and pollution, save energy, and protect nocturnal wildlife while still allowing safe lighting.
What are Flagstaff's two lighting zones?
Section 10-50.70.040 splits the City by distance from the Kaj Strand telescope at the U.S. Naval Observatory. Lighting Zone 1 is everything within two and one-half miles of the telescope and has the stricter limits; Lighting Zone 2 covers everything farther away and allows higher light output.
Are mercury vapor lights allowed in Flagstaff?
No. Section 10-50.70.050.N bans mercury vapor Outdoor Light Fixtures anywhere in the City, with a single exception for outdoor lighting systems that were already erected before 1950.

Sources & Official References

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