Alexandria Ordinance No. 5575 (effective September 1, 2025) requires a Short-Term Residential Rental Permit for any property rented more than 10 days per calendar year. STR hosts must provide a Good Neighbor Guide and maintain a one-hour response window for violations.
Alexandria may require off-street parking for STR guests. Parking rules protect neighborhood character and are locally enforced.
Alexandria short-term rentals owe a combined 9.5% transient lodging tax plus $1.25 per room per night (City 6.5% + $1.25/night, State 3.0% effective May 1, 2021). Operators register with the Department of Finance under Sec. 3-2-152 and file monthly.
Alexandria bans the storage, sale, possession, or discharge of any fireworks within the city limits — including sparklers. Violations are Class 1 misdemeanors punishable by up to a $2,500 fine and/or 12 months in jail.
Alexandria regulates outdoor burning under local code and Virginia's 4 PM Burning Law (VA Code §10.1-1142). VDOF issues burn permits and bans.
Alexandria regulates recreational fire pits through local ordinance. Virginia Department of Forestry oversees outdoor burning statewide.
Alexandria may require brush clearance and vegetation management. Virginia Department of Forestry manages wildfire prevention statewide.
Alexandria may have wildfire hazard zones requiring defensible space around structures, fire-resistant building materials, and vegetation management.
Alexandria enforces the Virginia Statewide Building Code (USBC, 13VAC5-63), which adopts IRC 2018 Section R314. Smoke alarms are required in every sleeping room, outside each separate sleeping area, and on every story of a dwelling. Existing dwellings must retrofit AC-powered alarms with battery backup when battery alarms are found inoperative (13VAC5-63-435.5). STR permit applicants must submit photos of working alarms.
Virginia adopts the Statewide Fire Prevention Code applying uniform NFPA 58 propane storage and handling standards across all jurisdictions, regulating tank placement, capacity, and installation requirements consistently.
Alexandria requires driveways meet local code standards. Vehicles may not block sidewalks or rights-of-way under Virginia law.
Alexandria regulates RV and boat storage on residential property through local zoning. VA Code §15.2-904 addresses inoperable vehicles.
Alexandria prohibits storing abandoned, inoperable, or unregistered vehicles on public streets or visible on private property. Vehicles may be tagged and towed after a notice period.
Alexandria EV chargers need an electrical permit (and possibly a structural permit) via APEX. In the two locally-regulated historic districts or on 100-Year-Old Buildings, chargers visible from a public right-of-way trigger BAR review. The number of chargers cannot exceed allowed parking spaces.
Alexandria's Residential Permit Parking program (Sec. 5-8-77) restricts on-street parking in posted districts to 2-3 hours unless the vehicle has a district permit. A separate citywide 72-hour rule prohibits leaving any vehicle in the same on-street spot continuously.
Alexandria regulates overnight parking on public streets. Many areas restrict parking between certain hours or require permits for overnight street parking.
Alexandria restricts commercial vehicle parking in residential areas through zoning ordinance. Weight and size limits apply.
Alexandria may have breed-specific rules. Virginia does NOT preempt local breed restrictions. Check local ordinances.
Alexandria Sec. 5-7-2 prohibits keeping any fowl within 200 feet of any residence or dwelling not occupied by the keeper. The setback effectively bans backyard chickens for most city lots, which are too small to meet the 200-foot requirement.
Alexandria City Code Sec. 5-7-32 prohibits any dog or exotic/poisonous animal from running at large within the city. Dogs must be secured by a leash, lead, or other physical restraint that is not harmful to the dog.
Alexandria restricts or prohibits intentional feeding of wildlife including deer, coyotes, and bears. Feeding wildlife creates public safety hazards and nuisance conditions.
Alexandria regulates beekeeping through local ordinance. Virginia has a State Apiarist program under VA Code §3.2-4400.
Alexandria restricts ownership of exotic and wild animals. Many species require special permits or are prohibited entirely for public safety.
Virginia Code Section 3.2-6503 requires every owner to provide adequate care for companion animals, with criminal penalties for neglect that often underpin hoarding cases.
Alexandria may have a tree protection ordinance. Fairfax County and other NOVA localities have significant tree canopy protections.
Alexandria enforces weed and overgrowth ordinances under local code. VA Code §15.2-900 authorizes vegetation removal enforcement.
Alexandria allows residential rainwater harvesting. Virginia has no significant state-level restrictions on rainwater collection for personal use.
Alexandria regulates tree removal on private property through permits and size thresholds. Street trees are city-managed and cannot be removed by residents.
Alexandria generally permits artificial turf installation with some requirements for drainage, appearance, and base preparation.
Alexandria enforces grass height limits under local ordinance. VA Code §15.2-900 authorizes weed and vegetation removal enforcement.
Alexandria follows local utility and Virginia DEQ water conservation guidelines. Governor can declare drought emergencies.
Alexandria may encourage or require native and drought-tolerant landscaping. Some areas restrict traditional grass lawns in favor of water-efficient alternatives.
Alexandria may restrict fence materials through zoning ordinance. Virginia has no statewide fence material requirements. HOAs often dictate materials.
Alexandria follows Virginia property law for fence disputes. Virginia has no shared fence cost statute. Each owner maintains their own.
Alexandria may require permits for fence construction. Virginia has no statewide fence permit law. Requirements set locally.
Alexandria caps residential fences at approximately 6 ft in the rear yard and 4 ft in the front yard. By-right front-yard fences on corner lots are limited to 3.5 ft, except the secondary front side may be 6 ft if additional setbacks are met (Sec. 7-202(C)(2) of the Zoning Ordinance).
Alexandria requires pool barriers meeting safety codes to prevent drowning. Fences must be at least 4 to 5 feet tall with self-closing, self-latching gates.
Alexandria requires permits for retaining walls above a certain height, typically 4 feet. Engineering review may be required for taller walls.
Alexandria regulates home businesses through zoning ordinance under VA Code §15.2-2280. Virginia is a strict Dillon's Rule state.
Alexandria permits certain homemade food products to be sold directly to consumers under cottage food laws. Products must be non-potentially hazardous and properly labeled.
Alexandria allows licensed home daycare operations with limits on the number of children. State licensing and local zoning approval typically required.
Alexandria limits customer visits to home-based businesses to preserve residential neighborhood character. Zoning ordinance applies.
Alexandria generally prohibits exterior signage for home-based businesses. Zoning ordinance governs sign regulations.
Alexandria requires building permits for all swimming pool construction. Virginia USBC governs pool standards.
Alexandria enforces pool safety rules under Virginia USBC and federal VGB Act. Anti-entrapment drain covers and barriers required.
Alexandria regulates hot tub and spa installation including electrical permits, barrier requirements, and placement rules.
Alexandria regulates above-ground pools including permit requirements, setbacks, and barrier standards. Pools over a certain depth or capacity typically require permits.
Alexandria requires pool barrier fencing for residential swimming pools. Minimum 48-inch height with self-closing, self-latching gates.
Alexandria regulates sheds and outbuildings through zoning and the Virginia USBC. Small sheds (under 120 to 256 sq ft) may be permit-exempt.
Alexandria regulates garage conversions through the Virginia USBC and local zoning. Permits required. Replacement parking may be needed.
Alexandria requires permits for carport construction. Setback requirements, height limits, and lot coverage maximums apply.
Alexandria allows one ADU per single-family, townhouse, or duplex property via administrative permit ($75-$100 fee). Owner-occupancy required at application and construction; height capped at the main house or 20 ft (whichever is less); short-term rental use prohibited.
Alexandria regulates tiny homes differently based on whether they are on a permanent foundation or on wheels. Zoning and minimum square footage requirements apply.
Alexandria adopted the landmark Zoning for Housing/Housing for All package in November 2023, eliminating single-family-only zoning citywide and allowing Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) by right in most residential districts. ADUs route through the Department of Planning and Zoning and the Department of Code Administration. Virginia has no statewide ADU preemption — Va. Code §15.2-2280 grants Alexandria broad zoning authority. The 2021 Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code applies; Old and Historic Alexandria and Parker-Gray districts require BAR approval.
Alexandria allows ADUs to be rented long-term to a single household. Short-term rentals (under 30 consecutive days) require registration with the City and remittance of the city transient lodging tax plus the 5.3% Virginia state sales tax on transient lodging. The Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (Va. Code §55.1-1200) governs long-term leases statewide. Va. Code §15.2-2208 preempts municipal rent control.
Alexandria does not charge general residential impact fees on ADUs because Virginia state law tightly limits municipal impact-fee authority. Costs are limited to Code Administration building permit fees, Virginia American Water connection fees, and AlexRenew wastewater connection fees. Cash proffers apply only in connection with rezoning, not as-of-right ADU permits.
Alexandria's Zoning for Housing reforms adopted in November 2023 substantially loosened owner-occupancy requirements for ADUs as part of a deliberate push to expand housing supply. ADUs are generally permitted by right regardless of whether the owner occupies the principal dwelling. Virginia has no state preemption of local owner-occupancy rules (unlike California or Oregon), so Alexandria's choice to drop the requirement is a local policy decision. HOA and condo declarations may still impose private rules.
Alexandria allows construction Mon-Fri 7 AM-6 PM, Sat 9 AM-6 PM; prohibited Sundays and holidays. Pile drivers more restrictive: M-F 9 AM-6 PM, Sat 10 AM-4 PM. Title 11 Chapter 5.
Alexandria considers excessive barking a nuisance. Animal control handles complaints. VA Dangerous Dog Law (VA Code §3.2-6540) is behavior-based.
Alexandria regulates amplified music under the general noise ordinance. Sound permits available for events. VA Code §18.2-415 applies to unreasonable disturbances.
Alexandria limits lawn and garden equipment to 7 AM-9 PM weekdays and 9 AM-9 PM weekends and holidays under Title 11 Chapter 5 (same window applies to DIY homeowner work).
Alexandria quiet hours run 11 PM-7 AM, with residential noise capped at 55 dBA at the property line and any sound plainly audible inside a neighbor's closed dwelling unlawful overnight (City Code Title 11, Ch. 5). Commercial zones cap at 65 dBA day / 60 dBA night; civil fines $100-$500.
Virginia localities cannot regulate aircraft noise in flight because federal aviation law preempts the field, leaving the FAA in sole control of aircraft operations and noise above the ground.
Virginia state law caps civil penalties for noise ordinance violations at $250 for first offense and $500 for repeat offenses, binding every locality statewide.
Alexandria curbside collection runs Mon-Thu (one day per address). Containers may be set out no earlier than 5 PM the day before pickup and must be out no later than 6 AM on collection day. Most Old Town households use alley collection rather than curbside.
Alexandria offers scheduled bulk item pickup for large items like furniture and appliances. Advance scheduling typically required. Some items may need special handling.
Alexandria provides weekly curbside trash and recycling collection on designated days. Missed pickups can be reported to Virginia waste haulers or municipal services.
Alexandria requires residential recycling of accepted materials. Contamination with non-recyclables may cause entire bins to be rejected at the curb.
Alexandria food trucks need a Mobile Food Truck Permit (Title 9 Chapter 15). Operations limited to designated locations (e.g., 1700 block of King St adjacent to King Street Gardens, capacity 3 trucks), 7 AM-midnight, max 6 continuous hours per location.
Alexandria designates approved vending zones for food trucks. Distance requirements from brick-and-mortar restaurants and schools typically apply.
Alexandria zoning code requires minimum setback distances from property lines for all structures. Setbacks vary by zoning district and structure type.
Alexandria zoning code sets maximum building heights by district. Residential zones typically limit structures to 35 feet or 2 to 3 stories.
Alexandria limits the percentage of a lot that can be covered by impervious surfaces and structures. Residential lots typically allow 40 to 60% coverage.
Alexandria enforces a juvenile curfew for minors under 17. Nighttime curfew hours typically run 11 PM to 6 AM on school nights with later weekend hours.
Alexandria parks close at posted hours, typically dusk or 10 to 11 PM. After-hours presence is a trespassing violation enforced by police.
Alexandria requires door-to-door solicitors and peddlers to obtain a permit. Background checks and identification badges are commonly required.
Alexandria maintains a no-knock or no-soliciting registry that residents can join. Solicitors who ignore posted signs or registry listings face fines.
Alexandria regulates development in coastal zones through setback requirements, habitat protections, and public access mandates. State coastal commission approval may be required for projects near the shoreline.
Alexandria charges a Stormwater Utility Fee dedicated to MS4-permit compliance with the Chesapeake Bay TMDL. A 100-ft Resource Protection Area buffer applies around all waterbodies with perennial flow (zoning Sec. 13-103/105).
About 20% of Alexandria is mapped floodplain. The City sees roughly 60 backwater-flooding incidents per year. Any development in the floodplain — buildings, fill, or material storage — requires a permit through the Floodplain Administrator under the Zoning Ordinance.
Alexandria requires grading permits for significant earth-moving work. Drainage must not redirect water onto neighboring properties. Proper grading prevents erosion and flooding.
Alexandria requires erosion and sediment control measures during all land-disturbing activities. Silt fences, erosion blankets, and stabilized construction entrances are standard requirements.
Alexandria requires garage and yard sales to maintain property appearance. Items must be displayed neatly and removed promptly after the sale ends.
Alexandria enforces property maintenance standards to prevent blight. Unmaintained properties with peeling paint, broken windows, or accumulated debris may face code violations.
Alexandria regulates where trash and recycling bins can be stored and placed for collection. Bins must typically be screened from street view between pickup days.
Alexandria requires vacant lot owners to maintain their property including regular mowing, weed control, trash removal, and securing the site against trespass.
Alexandria City Code Sec. 5-2-21 requires property owners to clear adjacent sidewalks within 24 hours (Level 1 storm), 48 hours (Level 2), or 72 hours (Level 3). Failure to comply: $50 fine plus city's cost to clear.
Alexandria allows temporary garage sale signs with restrictions on size, placement, and duration. Signs in public rights-of-way may be prohibited. Signs must be removed immediately after the sale.
Alexandria generally permits holiday decorations and displays on residential property with minimal restrictions. Displays should not create traffic hazards, excessive noise, or fire risks. HOA rules may add limits.
Alexandria allows political signs on private property with size limits. Signs in public rights-of-way are typically prohibited. First Amendment protections apply. Removal required within a set period after elections.
Alexandria solar installations need standard electrical/building permits via APEX. In the Old & Historic Alexandria District, Parker-Gray District, or on a designated 100-Year-Old Building, panels visible from a public right-of-way require a Certificate of Appropriateness from the Board of Architectural Review (BAR).
Alexandria residents in HOA communities benefit from state solar access laws that limit HOA ability to prohibit solar panels. HOAs may regulate placement but cannot effectively ban solar installations.
Alexandria's rental inspection program (City Code Article G-1, Sec. 8-1-118) requires a $75 inspection per dwelling unit, sampling 10% of units in buildings over 10 dwellings. A passing inspection issues a 4-year Certificate of Compliance.
Alexandria does not have rent control. State law preempts local rent control ordinances, meaning municipalities cannot cap rent increases. Market rates apply to all rental properties.
Alexandria follows state landlord-tenant law for evictions. Landlords must follow proper notice procedures but may not need to state cause for non-renewal of month-to-month tenancies in most cases.
Alexandria requires a permit to remove a tree over 15-inch diameter in a Local Historic District or in a Resource Protection Area (within 100 ft of a perennial stream). Cutting protected Street, Specimen, Memorial, or Heritage trees carries up to a $2,500 civil penalty (Sec. 6-2-21).
Alexandria requires replacement planting when permitted trees are removed. Replacement ratios and species specifications ensure canopy preservation.
Alexandria designates heritage or landmark trees based on size, age, or species. Removal or damage to heritage trees carries significant penalties.
Alexandria commercial drone operators must hold a Part 107 Remote Pilot Certificate from the FAA. Additional local permits may be required for filming or surveying.
Alexandria sits inside the FAA's Washington DC Special Flight Rules Area (SFRA) and Flight Restricted Zone (FRZ) around Reagan National (DCA). Recreational drone flights are prohibited under any circumstances; all UAS operations require federal authorization.
Alexandria may require a free or low-cost permit for garage and yard sales. Permit ensures compliance with time, signage, and frequency limits.
Alexandria restricts garage sale hours to daytime periods, typically 8 AM to 6 PM or sunrise to sunset. Weekend sales are most common.
Alexandria limits the number of garage or yard sales per household per year. Typical limits range from 2 to 4 sales annually to prevent commercial activity.
Alexandria zones cannabis dispensaries in commercial and industrial areas with buffer distances from schools, parks, and residential zones. Conditional use permits typically required. Hours of operation and signage restrictions apply.
Alexandria permits limited home cannabis cultivation for personal use under state law. Plant counts, grow area, and visibility restrictions apply. Local ordinances may add further limits.
Alexandria regulates outdoor lighting to reduce light pollution and glare. Fully shielded fixtures required for new installations. Lighting must be directed downward and not trespass onto neighboring properties.
Alexandria prohibits outdoor lighting that causes unreasonable glare or illumination on neighboring properties. Light trespass complaints are handled through code enforcement.
Outdoor kitchens in Alexandria require separate trade permits from the Department of Code Administration: building permit for structural elements, mechanical permit for gas lines, plumbing permit for water and sinks, and electrical permit for outdoor outlets. The 2021 Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code applies, with FEMA flood requirements in Potomac and tributary floodplains. Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act buffers restrict placement on waterfront and stream-side lots. BAR review applies in Old and Historic Alexandria and Parker-Gray districts.
Alexandria enforces the Virginia Statewide Fire Prevention Code (VSFPC), which adopts the 2018 International Fire Code. IFC §308.1.4 prohibits open-flame cooking devices and LP-gas cylinders over 1 pound on combustible balconies or within 10 feet of combustible construction in buildings with 3 or more dwelling units. Single-family backyard grilling is unrestricted by city code. NFPA 58 governs propane cylinder storage statewide. Enforcement is by the Alexandria Fire Marshal's Office.
Alexandria has no specific city ordinance regulating residential offset smokers, pellet grills, or wood-fired pizza ovens at single-family homes. Multi-unit residential balcony smokers fall under IFC §308.1.4 prohibitions on combustible balconies. Excessive smoke crossing property lines may be addressed under Alexandria's nuisance provisions and Va. Code §15.2-900 (general nuisance authority).
Alexandria has no citywide ordinance restricting residential holiday lights at single-family homes. Real restrictions arise from HOA and condo covenants under Virginia's Property Owners' Association Act (Va. Code §55.1-1800), Board of Architectural Review approval for permanent fixtures in the Old and Historic Alexandria and Parker-Gray districts, and the citywide noise ordinance for sound-synchronized displays.
Alexandria's zoning and property maintenance codes do not restrict residential lawn ornaments, statuary, or religious displays at single-family homes. Political signs are protected as free speech with content-neutral size limits. HOA covenants under Virginia's Property Owners' Association Act may impose private rules. Board of Architectural Review approval applies to permanent installations in the Old and Historic Alexandria District and Parker-Gray Historic District.
Alexandria has no specific city ordinance regulating residential inflatable holiday displays. Restrictions come from HOA and condo covenants under Virginia's Property Owners' Association Act, the Alexandria noise ordinance for blower and music sound, BAR review in Old and Historic Alexandria and Parker-Gray for permanent installations, and practical wind and weather considerations.
Virginia Code 40.1-28.10 sets a statewide minimum wage that exceeds the federal floor and preempts localities from establishing their own higher minimum wage rates for private sector workers.
Virginia Code 40.1-33.3 et seq. requires paid sick leave only for certain home health workers; no general statewide paid leave mandate exists, and broad local paid leave ordinances face preemption.
Virginia has no statewide predictive scheduling law, and Dillon Rule limits leave localities without authority to impose fair workweek or scheduling premium ordinances on private employers.
Virginia issues concealed handgun permits under Code 18.2-308.01 through 18.2-308.014, with shall-issue standards administered by circuit courts; localities cannot impose additional concealed carry requirements.
Virginia preempts most local firearm regulation under Code 15.2-915, but a 2020 amendment lets localities restrict firearms in specific public buildings, parks, recreation centers, and permitted events.
Virginia generally permits open carry of firearms by adults without a permit, though Code 18.2-287.4 restricts certain loaded high-capacity weapons in named public areas of larger localities.
Virginia Code 18.2-308 lets adults transport firearms in personal vehicles, with concealed handguns in a closed compartment lawful without a permit; localities are preempted by Code 15.2-915.
Code 40.1-11.2 requires every Virginia state agency and any employer with more than an enumerated workforce performing public contracts over $50,000 to enroll in and use the federal E-Verify program for new hires.
Code 19.2-83.7 requires Virginia jails to notify ICE before releasing inmates subject to detainers, while 2020 reforms barred state agencies from inquiring into immigration status for service eligibility absent legal requirement.
Virginia Code 15.2-2288 and 15.2-2288.3 limit how localities may zone agricultural land, preserving by-right production and restricting special use permit requirements for bona fide farms.
Virginia Code 3.2-301 establishes the Right to Farm Act, shielding established agricultural operations from nuisance lawsuits and limiting local ordinances that would restrict bona fide farming activities.
Virginia Code 58.1-1745 authorizes counties and cities to impose a 5-cent tax on disposable plastic bags provided at grocery stores, convenience stores, and drugstores within their borders.
Virginia Code 10.1-1424.4 phases out expanded polystyrene single-use food service containers, with chain restaurants required to comply by July 1, 2025 and all food vendors by July 1, 2026.
Virginia has no statewide plastic straw ban; straws remain available on request, and localities have limited authority to regulate single-use service items beyond state environmental statutes.
Virginia Code 18.2-371.2 prohibits selling tobacco, nicotine, and vapor products to anyone under 21, with active duty military members 18 and over exempted under state law.
Virginia has not enacted a statewide ban on flavored tobacco or menthol products; sales remain lawful to adults 21 and over subject to general tobacco regulations under Code 18.2-371.2.
Virginia requires retail tobacco and liquid nicotine sellers to comply with state licensing under Code 58.1-1021.04:1 and prohibits sales to anyone under 21 per Code 18.2-371.2.